Attributions, Prejudice, Stereotypes, and Discrimination (5/11) Flashcards

1
Q

Dispositional attribution

A

Behavior explained by inherent disposition or character

EX) Brandon acted that way because he is a stellar human being

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2
Q

Situational attribution

A

Behavior explained by external factors or circumstances

EX) The customer was rude because he was having an awful day

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3
Q

Consistency cues

A

cues that focus on individuals behavior over time- dispositional

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4
Q

Distinctiveness cues

A

cues that focus on individual unique behavior in similar situations

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5
Q

Consensus cues

A

Cues that focus on individuals behavior in relation to societal expectations

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6
Q

Actor-observer bias

A

attributing negative behavior as dispositional for others but situational for ones self

  • more aware of our situation than another’s
  • more ready to label others as negative
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7
Q

Fundamental attribution error

A

attributing negative behavior of others to their disposition rather than their situation

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8
Q

Self-serving bias

A

Attributing positive outcomes to ones disposition and negative outcomes to ones situation

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9
Q

Locus of control

A

Internal: the degree to which people believe they do have control over outcomes in their lives
External: vice versa

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10
Q

Halo effect

A

The tendency for an impression in one area influences opinion of others
EX) someone who is attractive is probably a hard worker

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11
Q

Just-world hypothesis

A

the assumption that a person’s actions inherently bring morally fair and fitting consequences
EX) if you’re a good thing, good things happen to you

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12
Q

Collectivistic

A

more likely to make situational attributions

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13
Q

Prejudice

A

Irrational attitudes, positive or negative, towards groups or objects
-emotional response

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14
Q

Sterotypes

A

contentful

cognitive- opposes prejudice

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15
Q

Stereotype content model

A

warmth- fondness to group

competence- capability of group

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16
Q

High warmth and low competence

A

paternalistic

low status but not a competitive threat (children or elderly)

17
Q

High warmth and high admiration

A

Admiration

high status and do not pose a threat

18
Q

Low warmth and low competence

A

Contemptuous

Low status and competitive

19
Q

low warmth and high competence

A

Envious
high status and competitive
-groups that are elite

20
Q

Discriminations

A

has to involve actions or outcomes

21
Q

Individual discriminaiton

A

ways in which a single person can treat other people differently based on their group membership

22
Q

Institutional discriminations

A

larger patterns of unequal behavior or outcomes, as mediated by entire institutions

23
Q

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A

occurs when self-perceptions cause specific behaviors

24
Q

Stereotype threat

A

occurs when members of a social group are or feel at risk of conforming to stereotypes of their group

25
Stereotype boost
occurs when members of a social group are or feel empowered by stereotypes of their group
26
Stigma
strong societal disapproval of groups, identities or behaviors
27
Ethnocentrism
evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions from one's own culture
28
Cultural relativism
Belief that a person's practices and values should be evaluated based on their culture, rather than another's