Experimental Methods and Measures Flashcards
Quantitative Methods
Generate numerical data
- produce numbers as results
- categorized, ranked, or used to construct graphs and draw stat conclusions
Qualitative Methods
Produce results that are not numbers like words opinions, observations
-more open ended and exploratory
Mixed Methods Research
Quantitative and qualitative experiment
Objective measures
unbiased, fact-based
EX) height
Subjective Methods
Subject to opinion
-no wrong or right answer
EX) how comfortable do you feel right now?
Validity
the extent to which study’s results are both genuine and generalizable
Internal validity
draw causal conclusions
-minimize cofounding variables
External validity
Generalize results
Test validity
Tests what it intended to test many types: -construct -content -criterion -predictive
Construct test validity
assesses construct designed to test
EX) if we wanted to see how athletic students are, but only use students who play chess
Content test validity
how well test covers full scope of content
EX) if a test wanted to test athletics, but only made people lift heavy objects. there is also endurance and flexibility
Criterion test validity
correlates with well-respected criterion (is it trusted?)
Predicted test validity
how well a test predicts later scores. it focuses on future events
Reliability
to extent to which study’s are consistent. if we were to do the study again, will we get a similar result?
Precision
the extent which measurements agree within an experiment
-data points
Accuracy
the extent to which measurements agree with standard value
A reliable experiment produces…
Precise results
A valid study produces….
accurate results
Questionnaires
form of self-report
Likert scale
a statement followed by a continuum of possible responses
Self-reporting bias
social desirability bias- the tendency of respondents to answer in a way that makes them look good
Acquiescence bias- the tendency to answer “yes” when uncertain
