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Linguistics > Meanings And Representations) Lexis And Semantics > Flashcards

Meanings And Representations) Lexis And Semantics Flashcards

1
Q

Types of nouns. 3

A

Proper
Abstract
Concrete

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2
Q

Types of verbs. 4

A

Material
Relational
Mental
Verbal

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3
Q

Types of adjectives and adverbs m. 3

A

Base
Comparative
Superlative
Same degree

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4
Q

Types of pronouns. 3

A

Personal
Demonstrative
Indefinite

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5
Q

Types of determiners. 3

A

Articles
Possessives
Quantifiers

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6
Q

Types of conjunctions. 2

A

Coordinating

Subordinating

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7
Q

Proper nouns

Eg

A

Refer to names of ppl or places

Eg James, England

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8
Q

Abstract nouns

Eg

A

Refer to states, feelings and concepts that don’t have a physical existence
Eg love, anger

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9
Q

Concrete nouns

Eg

A

Refer to objects that have a physical existence

Eg countable, non countable

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10
Q

Material verbs

Eg

A

Show actions or verbs

Eg hit, jump

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11
Q

Relational verbs

Eg

A

Identify properties or show states of being

Eg be, appear

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12
Q

Mental verbs

Eg

A

Show internal processes

Eg think, wish

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13
Q

Verbal verbs

Eg

A

Show external processes of communication through speech

Eg say, shout, whisper

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14
Q

Base adjectives and adverbs

Eg

A

Basic form of an adjective or adverb

Eg big, carefully

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15
Q

Comparative adjectives and adverbs

Eg

A

Form used to compare 2 instances either adding ‘-er’ or using ‘more’
Eg bigger, more carefully

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16
Q

Superlative adjectives and adverbs

Eg

A

Comparing more than 2 instances, identifying a best

Eg biggest, most interesting

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17
Q

Personal pronouns

Eg

A

Differentiated in terms of person (1st,2nd,3rd), number (singular or plural) and gender (male or female)
Eg I, you, she, they

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18
Q

Demonstrative pronouns

Eg

A

Orientate the reader or listener towards a person, object, idea
Eg this, these, that

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19
Q

Indefinite pronoun

Eg

A

Refer to person,object or idea that is non specific

Eg someone, anybody, everything

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20
Q

Articles

Eg

A 
Shoes something is definite or indefinite 
Eg the (definite), a/an (indefinite)
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21
Q

Possessives

Eg

A

Show ownership

Eg my, your, her, our

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22
Q

Quantifiers

Eg

A

Show either specific or non specific quantities of a noun

Eg one, two (specific), some, any (non specific)

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23
Q

Coordinating conjunctions

Eg

A

Link main clauses together

Eg and, but

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24
Q

Subordinating conjunctions

Eg

A

Link main clause to subordinate clause

Eg because, while, although

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25
Q

Simile

Eg

A

When we say something is like or similar to something else

Eg she fell over lack a sack of potatoes

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26
Q

Metaphor

Eg

A

Describes something/someone in a way that literally isn’t true
Eg he has a broken heart

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27
Q

Personification

Eg

A

When something non human is given a human characteristic

Eg the wind howled

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28
Q

Same degree adjectives

A

‘As…as’

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29
Q

Active voice

Eg

A

When the subject performs the action of the verb

Eg The dog chased the cat

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30
Q

Passive voice

Eg

A

When the object is placed before the subject

Eg the cat was chased by the dog

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31
Q

Types of sentence structures. 4

A

Simple
Compound
Complex
Compound complex

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32
Q

Simple sentence

Eg

A

Independent clause

Eg I kicked the ball

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33
Q

Compound sentence

Eg

A

2 or more independent clauses

Eg I kicked the ball and it hit the tree

34
Q

Complex sentence

Eg

A

1 independence clause and 1+ subordinate clause

Eg He cried because I hit him

35
Q

Compound complex sentence

Eg

A

2+ independent clauses and 1+ sub clauses

He cried because I hit him, and I quickly apologised

36
Q

Copula verb

Eg

A

Verbs that link an adjective or a noun to the subject of the sentence
Also known as linking verbs
Eg am, is

37
Q

What’s the aim of copula verbs

A

To present opinions as facts

38
Q

Aim of simple sentences

A

Used to assert opinion confidently in the hopes the audience agrees

39
Q

Discourse markers

Eg

A

Linking words, linking phrases, or sentence connectors

Eg however, although and nevertheless

40
Q

Aim of discourse markers

A

To create the sense of a logically developed argument

41
Q

9 Moral auxiliary verbs

A 
Can 
Could
May
Might
Will
Would
Should
Must
42
Q

Auxillery verbs

Eg

A

Helps the main verb to describe action

Eg am, do, be

43
Q

Primary auxillery verbs types. 3

A

To be
To have
To do

44
Q

Verb tenses. 12

A 
Simple past tense
Simple present
Simple future
Continuous past
Continuous present
Continuous future
Perfect past
Perfect present
Perfect future
Perfect continuous past
Perfect continuous present
Perfect continuous future
45
Q

Simple past tense verb example

A

I studied

46
Q

Simple present tense verb eg

A

I study

47
Q

Simple future tense verb eg

A

I will study

48
Q

Past continuous verb tense eg

A

I was studying

49
Q

Present continuous verb tense eg

A

I am studying

50
Q

Present future tense verb eg

A

I will be studying

51
Q

Past perfect tense verb eg

A

I had studied

52
Q

Present perfect verb tense eg

A

I have studied

53
Q

Future perfect verb tense eg

A

I will have studied

54
Q

Present continuous past tense verb eg

A

I had been stuyding

55
Q

Present perfect continuous verb tense eg

A

I have been stuyding

56
Q

Future perfect continuous tense verb eg

A

I will have been stuyding

57
Q

Relative clause

Eg

A

Clause that modified a noun or pronoun
Eg who is very smart
Who, whom, which, that, whose, where, when, why, what

58
Q

Adverb clause

Eg

A

Clause that modified a verb

Eg although he is timid

59
Q

Comparative clause

Eg

A

Starts with as or contains then

Eg As the train arrived

60
Q

Non finite clause

Eg

A

Uses an infinitive, past participle, or present participle at start of clause
Eg to eat the whole cake

61
Q

Phonetics

A

Speech

62
Q

Graphology

A

Visual aspects

63
Q

Lexis and semantics

A

Vocabulary

64
Q

Pragmatic

A

Context

65
Q

Types of mode. 2

A

Written

Spoken

66
Q

Sybilance

A

Alliteration of s sound

67
Q

Left wing newspapers. 2

A

The daily mirror

The guardian

68
Q

Right wing newspapers

A 
The sun 
The daily mail
Daily express
The star
Daily telegraph 
The times
The Financial Times
69
Q

Neutral newspapers

A

The independent

70
Q

Avg reader age of daily mail

A

Late 50s

71
Q

Avg reader age of daily telegraph

A

Early 60s

72
Q

Ao1 level 5 features

A

Semantic patterns
Pragmatic features
Sentence and clause types, elements and linking
Cohesion and textual structure

73
Q

Ao1 level 4 features

A

Figurative language
Word classes in detail
Verb tenses, voice, aspect, modals
Phrases

74
Q

Verb moods

A 
Interrogative mood
Imperative mood
Conditional mood
Indicative mood
Subjunctive
75
Q

Indicative mood verb

Eg

A

Used to express a fact statement

Eg we PRACTICE daily

76
Q

Verb mood definition

A

The attitude a verb conveys in a sentence

77
Q

Imperative mood

Eg

A

Indicates a command

GIVE me back my money

78
Q

Interrogative mood

Eg

A

Asks a question

Eg WILL you go

79
Q

Conditional mood

Eg

A

A conditional state that’ll cause something to happen

Eg The bomb MIGHT explode

80
Q

Subjunctive mood

Eg

A

A hypothetical state, a state contrary to reality, like a wish, desire, or imaginary situation
Eg if you turn that on

Linguistics (93 decks)

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