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Linguistics > Language Change) Lexical Change > Flashcards

Language Change) Lexical Change Flashcards

1
Q

What’s lexical change

A

When new words enter our language or when old words aren’t used any more

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2
Q

Neologism

A

New words

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3
Q

Archaisms

A

When old words become extinct

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4
Q

Many simple words/phrases we use originate from …

A

Anglo Saxon

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5
Q

Who thought of functional theory

A

Halliday

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6
Q

Functional theory

A

Language changes to suit needs of language users

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7
Q

Borrowing

And eg

A

Borrowing words from other languages

Eg gateau

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8
Q

Compounding

And eg

A

Combining words together to form new words

Eg thumbprint, ice cream

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9
Q

Blending

Eg

A

Words are shortened and joined together to form a new word

Eg smog, brunch, brexit

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10
Q

Affiliation

Eg

A

Adding Greek prefixes or suffixes

Eg disinterest, selfless

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11
Q

Scientific progress

Eg

A

Advance in medicine, science and technology cause new words and phrases to be coined
Eg chemotherapy

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12
Q

Clipping

Eg

A

When shortened version of word becomes norm

Eg celeb, gym

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13
Q

Acronym

Eg

A

First letters taken from word to create new word - pronounced as single word
Eg NATO, AIDS

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14
Q

Initialism

Eg

A

First letters taken from words to create a new term - pronounced as single word
Eg BBC, FBI

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15
Q

Back formation

Eg

A

Verb created from an existing noun by removing a suffix

Eg sculpt from sculpture

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16
Q

Attitude towards language in early modern language

A

Growing price in language after return to English following many years of French rule

17
Q

Inkhorn terms

A

Words borrowed from other languages

18
Q

Some saw inkhorn terms as just temporarily ‘_’ and … the English language

A

Fashionable

Clogging, polluting or corrupting

19
Q

Why did swift make a proposal

A

Thought English language was in chaos

20
Q

Swift’s main concerns were….

3

A

Shortened words
Unnecessary contractions eg disturb’d
Words ‘invented by some pretty fellow’ eg banter, which he claimed were mere ‘fashion’ and likely fall out of use

21
Q

Swifts proposals are an example of…

A

Change from above

22
Q

Change from above

A

Attempts by those in power, positions of authority to impose a ‘correct’ form of language on its users

23
Q

Change from below

A

Language changing due to normal/lower status people

24
Q

David Crystal considers language change as ‘’ rather than ‘’

A

Development

Deterioration

Linguistics (93 decks)

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