Language Change) Phonology

Question 1

Phonology

Answer 1

Sound

Question 2

Examples of phonological change . 6

Answer 2

Th fronting 
Ing endings 
Rp toning down 
Ease of articulation (omission and assimilation)
Increased use of the schwa 
Uptalk

Question 3

Assimilation

Eg

Answer 3

When sounds close to each other become similar to make pronunciation simpler
Eg hambag, tem pounds

Question 4

Omission

Eg

Answer 4

When sounds are missed out

Eg innit

Question 5

Key phonological changes in history . 1

Answer 5

Great vowel shift

Question 6

Who first studied great vowel shift

Answer 6

Jesperson

Question 7

Gvs

Answer 7

the further one moves away the less the effects are noticeable
Degree of vowel shifting can sometimes be detected in Regional accents

Question 8

Why did the gvs happen

Answer 8

Social mobility and social prestige

Question 9

What changed in the gvs

Answer 9

Vowels went from ‘long’ to ‘short’

Question 10

Functional theory suggests change reflects the … we’re living in

Answer 10

Sociocultural climate

Question 11

Increased use of the schwa

Eg

Answer 11

Schwa increasingly used in present day English

Eg about to uhbout, balance to balunce

Question 12

Ing endings

Answer 12

Before C19th, -ing was pronounced -in, even by mid/upper classes

Question 13

Th-fronting

Eg

Answer 13

Today, some ppl replace ‘th’ sound with ‘f’

Eg fink instead of think

Question 14

Rp toning down

Answer 14

Rp lost some desirability as in the 1960s, wc teachers going uni and emergence of celebs with regional accents

Question 15

Uptalk

Answer 15

Since early 1990s, uptalks increased due to influence of media and not wanting to sound aggressive

Question 16

What is uptalk

Answer 16

When a declarative is said as if it’s a question

Question 17

Functional theory

Answer 17

Language changes and adapts according to needs of its users

Question 18

Who thought up functional theory

Answer 18

Halliday

Question 19

What does functional theory suggest

Answer 19

There’s a certain logic to language change: changes reflect the sociocultural climate we’re living in

Question 20

Why would people change the way they sound. 4

Answer 20

Social factors
Upward convergence 
American English 
Media
Aitchison 1991

Question 21

Social factors

Answer 21

People adapt depending on context