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Linguistics > Child Language) Is CDS Good For Development > Flashcards

Child Language) Is CDS Good For Development Flashcards

1
Q

Yes. 3

A

Clarke stewart - children whose mothers talk more have larger vocabularies
Snow - speech directed at children was shown to provide clear, simplified entry point into complexities of language learning
Cambridge uni- children rather be spoken to in cds as brain synchronises with rhythmic nature of utterances

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2
Q

No. 2

A

Chomsky - cds is damaging

Pinker - cds performed by only small number of mc families showing it’s not necessary as not universally available

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3
Q

Nature. 2

A

Chomsky

Piaget

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4
Q

Nurture. 5

A 
Skinner
Bruner
Vygotsky
Tomasello
Lenneberg
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5
Q

Chomsky. 4

A

Nativist
All humans born with innate language learning capacity
Known for creating idea of LAD
Human brain has naturally programmed ability to learn language

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6
Q

Chomskys theory is in response to _ theory

A

Skinners

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7
Q

What justifies LAD

A

Virtuous errors

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8
Q

Criticisms of Chomsky . 2

A

LAD Doesn’t place enough importance on role of caregiver in influencing language
No practical experiments to prove his theory

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9
Q

Piaget. 3

A

Cognitive theorists
Developing cognitive understanding built on interaction between child and things that can be observed, touched and manipulated eg use of words like ‘bigger’ depends on child’s understanding of concepts they represent
Children wouldn’t develop until stages of cognitive development had been reached

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10
Q

Piaget stages of development. 4

A

Sensorimotor
Pre operational
Concrete operational
Formal operational

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11
Q

Sensorimotor stage. 3

A

0-2 years
Child is egocentric
Child understands object permanence

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12
Q

Pre operational stage. 2

A

2-6 years

Develops imaginative focus

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13
Q

Concrete operational stage. 3

A

6/7-11/12 years
Stops being egocentric
Understands others pov

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14
Q

Formal operational stage. 2

A

11/12-16 years

More abstract thinking

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15
Q

Lenneberg. 2

A

Critical thinking hypothesis

Acquisition of normal language guaranteed up to 6

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16
Q

Skinner. 4

Eg

A

Behaviourist theory
Saw language as another form of learned behaviour
Children start with tabula rasa
Children learn through positive and negative reinforcement
Eg babbling

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17
Q

Criticisms of skinner

A

Over correcting children’s speech can have bad effect, as there’s some stages where children start to apply grammar, that they go through and learn naturally

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18
Q

Bruner. 4

A

Social interactionist theory
LASS
Children need adult input to aid development
Scaffolding enables children to gradually develop speech due to quality input from caregivers to facilitate learning

19
Q

Vygotsky. 3

A

Social interactionist theory
MKO
Adult can direct child to move into zpd if supporting them as they have more knowledge than them

20
Q

MKO

A

More knowledgeable other

21
Q

Zpd

A

Zone of proximal development
Area just beyond what child can already do, caregiver might provide support for child to venture beyond their current abilities

22
Q

LASS

A

Language acquisition support system

Refers to caregivers etc

23
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

If child is right, caregiver praises them encouraging them to do it again

24
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Less favourable response won’t be praised in hope child stops using it

25
Q

Tabula rasa.

A

Latin for blank slate

26
Q

Universal grammar

A

Idea that all human languages possess similar grammatical properties which the brain is hard wired to be able to decode and use

27
Q

Who thought of universal grammar

A

Chomsky

28
Q

Virtuous errors

A

Grammatical errors that are understandable and logical through an incorrect assumption being made about grammar rules

29
Q

Genie case study

A

From 20 months to 13 years
Locked up by father and exposed to no social interaction
When found she had no speech and despite help, couldn’t acquire language beyond a basic level

30
Q

Tomasello. 3

A

Rejects Chomsky
Outlines usage based model of language acquisition and development, arguing against language being a special ‘instinct’
Instead sees language learning as both primarily social and relies on using same kinds of cognitive processes as other learning forms eg walking, drawing

31
Q

List of other social interactionists. 3

A

Ninio
Pea
Snow

32
Q

Behaviourists believe …

A

Language developed through imitating others language and gaining positive and negative feedback from adults

33
Q

Social intercationists believe …

A

Children’s early language can be influenced and improved by adult carers adjusting their own speech patterns

34
Q

Nativist theorists believe …

A

Language is innate, we’re pre programmed to acquire it

35
Q

Cognitive theorists believe …

A

Language grows when children’s ideas about world develops

36
Q

Evidence to support Chomsky

A

Children acquire grammar rules without explicit instruction , So their acquisition of grammar rules is guided by the principle of universal grammar that’s plies to all languages

37
Q

Studychallneging nativist theory.

A

Genie

38
Q

Cognitive development meaning

A

Child’s development of thinking and understanding

39
Q

Scaffolding

A

Support provided by caregivers through modelling how speech takes place in order to help child’s lan development

40
Q

Egocentric

A

Thinking only of themselves, without regard of others

41
Q

Object permenance

A

Understanding thst objects continue to exist even when they can’t be seen or touched

42
Q

Diminutive

A

Reducing scale of object by addition, as phonetically easier for child to say
Eg dog to doggie

43
Q

Theory to support Chomsky

How

A

Bergos wug test
Showed 1 wug and when shown 2 they said 2 wugs, showing they know how to add plural despite not knowing what it was
Therefore solid proof grammar rules were innate (built in brain)

44
Q

Study to support critical thinking hypothesis

A

Genie (feral child) case study

Linguistics (93 decks)

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