Male Reproductive Tract

Question 1

what are the 2 ligaments supporting the penis and their functions

Answer 1

fundiform- hold structures to anterior wall

suspensory ligament of penis- from pubic symphysis to deep fascia of penis

Question 2

what is the blood supply of the penis

Answer 2

dorsal artery of penis

external pudenal

Question 3

what is the innervation of the penis

Answer 3

dorsal nerve of penis

ilioinguinal

Question 4

describe the sections of the urethra

Answer 4

intramural- continuation of bladder neck
prostatic- through prostate
membranous- through perineum membrane and muscles
penile/spongy- through corpora spongiosum

Question 5

location of external urethral sphinchter

Answer 5

at the membranous urethra

Question 6

what is the navicular fossa

Answer 6

end of spongy urethra

Question 7

structures of the prostatic urethra

Answer 7

urethral crest
esminal colliculus
prostatic utricle
openings of ejaculatory ducts
prostatic sinuses

Question 8

urethral crest

Answer 8

ridge on posterior wall of prostatic urethra

Question 9

seminal colliculus

Answer 9

swelling in urethral crest

Question 10

holes in seminal colliculus

Answer 10

prostatic utricle
opening of ejaculatory ducts
prostatic sinuses

Question 11

what is prostatic utricle

Answer 11

blind ended sac that is remnant of female organs

Question 12

what are ejaculatory ducts for

Answer 12

sperm and seminal vesicle secretions enter urethra

Question 13

prostatic sinuses

Answer 13

openings for prostatic secretions, located around the seminal colliculus

Question 14

where are the bulbourethral glands and what are they for

Answer 14

located in the deep perineal space below the prostate
ducts open into urethral bulb
release preejaculatory fluid

Question 15

what structures are palpable during a rectal exam

Answer 15

prostate

bulbourethral gland and seminal vesicles if enlarged

Question 16

prostate feels and meaning

Answer 16

normal- soft, pliable
BPH- hard, pliable
cancer- hard

Question 17

what is denovillers fascia

Answer 17

retrovesicular fascia
allows rectum and prostate to slide over each other- lack of sliding = pathology
used as a landmark for surgical approach

Question 18

glands of male reproduction

Answer 18

seminal vesicles
prostate
bulbourethral glands

Question 19

describe BPH

Answer 19

benign prostatic hypertrophy
enlargement of prostate resulting in obstruction of urethra
can be surgically fixed by removing the obstruction or treated with medication

Question 20

where are the seminal vesicals

Answer 20

behind the bladder, superior to prostate partly covered by peritneum

Question 21

role of seminal vesicles

Answer 21

produces a basic secretion with lots of fructose that is used as food for sperm

Question 22

how does seminal vesicle secretion enter urethra

Answer 22

joins with the ductus deferns

Question 23

location of prostate

Answer 23

at the neck of the bladder

urethra goes though it

Question 24

role of prostate

Answer 24

secretion of enzymes, acidic phosphates, and citric acid

Question 25

how does prostate secretion enter urethra

Answer 25

prostatic sinuses

Question 26

what is significant about the prostatic venous plexus

Answer 26

drains into the internal iliac vein | major route for spread of infection

Question 27

location of bulbourethral glands

Answer 27

in deep perineal space | open into urethra inferior to prostate

Question 28

purpose of bulbourethral glands

Answer 28

secrete preejaculatory fluid to ready the urethra for semen

Question 29

erectile bodies of the penis

Answer 29

2 corpora cavernosa | corpus spongiosum

Question 30

layers of penis

Answer 30

skin dartos fascia deep fascia

Question 31

what layer contains the superficial dorsal vein of the penis

Answer 31

dartos fascia

Question 32

what layer contains the deep dorsal vein, dorsal artery, and dorsal nerve of the penis

Answer 32

bucks fascia

Question 33

where is the tunica albuginea

Answer 33

surrounds each corpus cavernosum and the corpora spongiosum (thicker around corpus cavernosum)

Question 34

where is the deep artery of the penis

Answer 34

in the center of the corpus cavernosum

Question 35

what artery is responsible for erection

Answer 35

deep artery of the penis via helcine arteries

Question 36

where are sperm stored until ejaculation

Answer 36

tail of epididymis

Question 37

where is the ductus deferns

Answer 37

lateral to the inferior epigastric artery and anterior to the external iliac vessels and the ureter

Question 38

what is responsible for erection

Answer 38

parasympathetic stimulation via pelvic splanchnic nerves and filling of the hellicine arteries that are branches of the deep artery of the penis

Question 39

what are the 2 parts of erection and how are they controlled

Answer 39

emission- sympathetic via lumbar splanchnics | ejaculation- somatic reflex via pudendal nerve

Question 40

what happens during emission

Answer 40

contraction of the ductus and gland smooth muscles

Question 41

what happens during ejaculation

Answer 41

contraction of bulbospongiosus muscle as a reflex to the presence of semen in the urethra

Question 42

innervation path for erection

Answer 42

pelvic splanchnic--> inferior hypogastric plexus--> prostatic plexus--> cavernous nerves

Question 43

innervation path for emission

Answer 43

lumbar splanchnics--> superior hypogastric plexus--> hypogastric nerves--> inferior hypogastric plexus-->vessels

Question 44

path of pudendal nerve

Answer 44

exits pelvic cavity through greater sciatic foramen, around ischial spine, enters through lesser sciatic foramen into pudendal canal in obturator fascia

Question 45

branches of pudendal nerve and locations

Answer 45

inferior rectal- to anal canal dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris- deep perineal pouch (cutaneous innervation of penis/clitoris) perineal nerve

Question 46

branches of perineal nerve

Answer 46

deep branch to muscles- superficial perineal pouch (ishiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus m) posterior labial/scrotal- superficial fascia (cutaneous innervation of labia/scrotum)

Question 47

source of internal pudendal artery

Answer 47

branch from internal iliac artery

Question 48

path of internal pudendal artery

Answer 48

exits pelvic cavity through greater sciatic foramen, goes around the ishial spine and enters perineum through lesser sciatic foramen and the pudendal canal

Question 49

branches, locations, and endings of internal pudendal artery

Answer 49

inferior rectal- anal canal perineal- continues and branches continues and gives off 3 branches in the deep perineal space

Question 50

branches of the internal pudendal artery in the deep perineal space

Answer 50

artery to bulb- supplies corpora spongiosum deep artery to penis/clitoris- corpora cavernosum dorsal artery of penis/clitoris- skina nd dartos fascia of penis/clitoris

Question 51

branches of the perineal artery

Answer 51

deep branch to muscles- supplies bulbospongiosus and ishiocavernosus muscles posteiror labial and scrotal- skin of labia and scrotum