Male Reproductive Tract Flashcards
what are the 2 ligaments supporting the penis and their functions
fundiform- hold structures to anterior wall
suspensory ligament of penis- from pubic symphysis to deep fascia of penis
what is the blood supply of the penis
dorsal artery of penis
external pudenal
what is the innervation of the penis
dorsal nerve of penis
ilioinguinal
describe the sections of the urethra
intramural- continuation of bladder neck
prostatic- through prostate
membranous- through perineum membrane and muscles
penile/spongy- through corpora spongiosum
location of external urethral sphinchter
at the membranous urethra
what is the navicular fossa
end of spongy urethra
structures of the prostatic urethra
urethral crest esminal colliculus prostatic utricle openings of ejaculatory ducts prostatic sinuses
urethral crest
ridge on posterior wall of prostatic urethra
seminal colliculus
swelling in urethral crest
holes in seminal colliculus
prostatic utricle
opening of ejaculatory ducts
prostatic sinuses
what is prostatic utricle
blind ended sac that is remnant of female organs
what are ejaculatory ducts for
sperm and seminal vesicle secretions enter urethra
prostatic sinuses
openings for prostatic secretions, located around the seminal colliculus
where are the bulbourethral glands and what are they for
located in the deep perineal space below the prostate
ducts open into urethral bulb
release preejaculatory fluid
what structures are palpable during a rectal exam
prostate
bulbourethral gland and seminal vesicles if enlarged
prostate feels and meaning
normal- soft, pliable
BPH- hard, pliable
cancer- hard
what is denovillers fascia
retrovesicular fascia
allows rectum and prostate to slide over each other- lack of sliding = pathology
used as a landmark for surgical approach
glands of male reproduction
seminal vesicles
prostate
bulbourethral glands
describe BPH
benign prostatic hypertrophy
enlargement of prostate resulting in obstruction of urethra
can be surgically fixed by removing the obstruction or treated with medication
where are the seminal vesicals
behind the bladder, superior to prostate partly covered by peritneum
role of seminal vesicles
produces a basic secretion with lots of fructose that is used as food for sperm
how does seminal vesicle secretion enter urethra
joins with the ductus deferns
location of prostate
at the neck of the bladder
urethra goes though it
role of prostate
secretion of enzymes, acidic phosphates, and citric acid
how does prostate secretion enter urethra
prostatic sinuses
what is significant about the prostatic venous plexus
drains into the internal iliac vein
major route for spread of infection
location of bulbourethral glands
in deep perineal space
open into urethra inferior to prostate
purpose of bulbourethral glands
secrete preejaculatory fluid to ready the urethra for semen
erectile bodies of the penis
2 corpora cavernosa
corpus spongiosum
layers of penis
skin
dartos fascia
deep fascia
what layer contains the superficial dorsal vein of the penis
dartos fascia
what layer contains the deep dorsal vein, dorsal artery, and dorsal nerve of the penis
bucks fascia
where is the tunica albuginea
surrounds each corpus cavernosum and the corpora spongiosum (thicker around corpus cavernosum)
where is the deep artery of the penis
in the center of the corpus cavernosum
what artery is responsible for erection
deep artery of the penis via helcine arteries
where are sperm stored until ejaculation
tail of epididymis
where is the ductus deferns
lateral to the inferior epigastric artery and anterior to the external iliac vessels and the ureter
what is responsible for erection
parasympathetic stimulation via pelvic splanchnic nerves and filling of the hellicine arteries that are branches of the deep artery of the penis
what are the 2 parts of erection and how are they controlled
emission- sympathetic via lumbar splanchnics
ejaculation- somatic reflex via pudendal nerve
what happens during emission
contraction of the ductus and gland smooth muscles
what happens during ejaculation
contraction of bulbospongiosus muscle as a reflex to the presence of semen in the urethra
innervation path for erection
pelvic splanchnic–> inferior hypogastric plexus–> prostatic plexus–> cavernous nerves
innervation path for emission
lumbar splanchnics–> superior hypogastric plexus–> hypogastric nerves–> inferior hypogastric plexus–>vessels
path of pudendal nerve
exits pelvic cavity through greater sciatic foramen, around ischial spine, enters through lesser sciatic foramen into pudendal canal in obturator fascia
branches of pudendal nerve and locations
inferior rectal- to anal canal
dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris- deep perineal pouch (cutaneous innervation of penis/clitoris)
perineal nerve
branches of perineal nerve
deep branch to muscles- superficial perineal pouch (ishiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus m)
posterior labial/scrotal- superficial fascia (cutaneous innervation of labia/scrotum)
source of internal pudendal artery
branch from internal iliac artery
path of internal pudendal artery
exits pelvic cavity through greater sciatic foramen, goes around the ishial spine and enters perineum through lesser sciatic foramen and the pudendal canal
branches, locations, and endings of internal pudendal artery
inferior rectal- anal canal
perineal- continues and branches
continues and gives off 3 branches in the deep perineal space
branches of the internal pudendal artery in the deep perineal space
artery to bulb- supplies corpora spongiosum
deep artery to penis/clitoris- corpora cavernosum
dorsal artery of penis/clitoris- skina nd dartos fascia of penis/clitoris
branches of the perineal artery
deep branch to muscles- supplies bulbospongiosus and ishiocavernosus muscles
posteiror labial and scrotal- skin of labia and scrotum
