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HS Exam 2 > Development of Urogenital system > Flashcards

Development of Urogenital system Flashcards

1
Q

urogenital system develops from

A

intermediate mesoderm

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2
Q

hindgut is from

A

endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm

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3
Q

external genitalia is from

A

ectoderm

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4
Q

source of germ cells

A

migratory cells from the yolk sac

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5
Q

what forms gonads

A

genital ridge

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6
Q

what forms primitive kidneys and ducts of reproductive tract

A

mesonephric ridge- caudal part, cranial part regresses

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7
Q

parts of the mesonephric ridge

A

pronephros
mesonephros
metanephros

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8
Q

pronephros

A

disappears

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9
Q

mesonephros

A

tubules and ducts for make reproductive tract

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10
Q

metanephros

A

primative kidney

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11
Q

uteric bud

A

forms collecting ducts

comes from outgrowth of mesonephric bud

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12
Q

metanephric blastema

A

formed from metanephros, makes nephrons

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13
Q

trigone formation

A

mesonephric duct joins the urogenital sinus and is absorbed, bringing the uteri bud in contact with the urogenital sinus

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14
Q

mesonephric duct forms

A

forms ductus deferens

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15
Q

uteric bud forms

A

forms ureter and collecting ducts

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16
Q

urogenital sinus forms

A

bladder

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17
Q

ductus deferens path

A

looped over the ureter as testis descends

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18
Q

renal agenesis

A

failure of kidney to develop which results in no amniotic fluid–> tight space–> deformed fetus

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19
Q

polycystic kidney

A

urine formation without proper drainage resulting in cyst formation

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20
Q

pelvic kidney

A

kidney doesn’t descend

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21
Q

horseshoe kidneys

A

kidneys fuse at midline and begin to ascend but they get stuck under the IMA

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22
Q

bifid ureter

A

2 ureters exit kidney but merge before entering the bladder

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23
Q

ectopic ureter

A

2 ureters enter the bladder

governed by Weigert-Meyer rule

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24
Q

weiger-Meyer rule

A

lower pole kidney gets to bladder first and is normal

upper pole kidney gets to bladder second and doesn’t ascend, it descends into the neck of the bladder, vagina, or rectum

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25
Q

hydronephrosis

A

high pressure

26
Q

testis determining factor

A

on sex determining region on Y chromosome

induces sertoli cell differentiation and production of anti-mullarian hormone

27
Q

anti-mullarian hormone

A

paramesonephric ducts regress

leydig cells differentiate and produce testosterone

28
Q

testosterone role

A

induces mesonephric duct differentiation and testis formation

29
Q

how is paramesonephric duct formed

A

involution of mesonephric ridge

30
Q

migratory path of germ cells

A 
yolk sac
allantois
across gut wall
dorsal mesentary
retroperitoneal space
primative gonand of genital ridge
31
Q

formation of primative sex cords

A

germ cells stimulate coelomic epithelium to proliferate and invade storm
cortex and medulla form

32
Q

fate of male medulla of primitive sex cord

A

seminiferous tubules and straight ducts and rate testis

33
Q

fate of male cortex of primitive sex cord

A

regresses, forms tunica albuginea

34
Q

fate of female cortex of primitive sex cord

A

becomes follicles

35
Q

fate of female medulla of primitive sex cord

36
Q

uterus formation

A

paramesonephric ducts fuse at midline

37
Q

vagina formation

A

upper 1/3- paramesonephric ducts

lower 2/3- urogenital sinus

38
Q

remnants of the mesonephric duct in females

A

epoophoron and paraoophoron in mesovarium

gartner’s cyst near vagina

39
Q

uterus didelphys with double vagina

A

2 vagina, 2 uterus

40
Q

uterus arcuates

A

thick uterine fundus

41
Q

uterus bicornis

A

2 uterus, 1 vagina

42
Q

uterus bicornis with rudimentary horn

A

2 uterus but one of the is not attached

43
Q

atresia of cervix

A

closed cervix

44
Q

atresia of vagina

A

closed vagina

45
Q

parts of hindgut

A

endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm

46
Q

allantois becomes the

A

median umbilical ligament

47
Q

parts of the cloaca

A

urogenital sinus

anorectal canal

48
Q

urogenital sinus becomes

A

bladder, urethra, external genitalia

49
Q

anorectal canal becomes

A

anal canal, rectum, hindgut

50
Q

significance of cloacal membrane

A

transition between endoderm and ectoderm

51
Q

persistant anal membrane

A

no anal openin

52
Q

rectoperineal fistula

A

anal opening is in the wrong place, in the perineal area

53
Q

rectovaginal fistula

A

anal opening into vagina

54
Q

urorectal fistula

A

anal opening into urethra

55
Q

parts of urogenital sinus and what they become

A

bladder- bladder
pelvic- membranous urethra
definitive UG sinus- vestibule of vagina or spongy urethra

56
Q

genital tubercle becomes the

A

clitoris/penis

57
Q

urethral folds become the

A

labia minora/spongy urethra

58
Q

labia minora lining

A

vestibule- endoderm

ectoderm- surface

59
Q

genital swellings become the

A

labia majora/scrotum

60
Q

hypospaides

A

incomplete fusion of urethral folds

HS Exam 2 (24 decks)

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