Malaria - Socio Economoc Environment

Question 1

What type of disease

Answer 1

Poverty

Burden of malaria is greatest among worlds poorest countries

58% of the burden is
Concentrated among 20% of global popliatuon

Only 0.2% for HICs

Question 2

Housing quality and occupancy

Answer 2

Poorly fitted windows/ doors.
Doors with glass/ screen

Mud/ bamboo

Densely populated
Overcrowding In house up to 5 people in one room

Question 3

What kind of correlation between malaria and onframt mortality

Answer 3

Positive

More malaria - higher infant mortality - higher fertility rate

Vulnerable to malaria

Question 4

Unsanitary conditions

Answer 4

Hotpots in dirty / polluted areas

Waste outflows

Defecation / infestation

Question 5

Occupation

Answer 5

Agricultural workers more exposed to mosquito vector - outside / next to animals / not as sanitary.

Near store of irrigation water.

Ethiopia have shown that highland farmers who seasonally migrate to find work in lowlyimf areas are prone to malaria

Question 6

Rural vs urban

Answer 6

Generally , in rural areas higher risk - further away from hospital

But contoaminayed rates in urban slums are high to density of household and unsanitary conditions

Question 7

Age and gender

Answer 7

Under 5

Gambia shift in mean age to 5-14 years - due to more focus on younger children through better education / awareness / nets

Question 8

Ethnicity

Answer 8

Different attitudes toward health.

Thailand - non- Thais searching for work and housing have greater exposer to malaria threats

Those who aren’t from tropical region less educated when they go over to tropical teagipn about diseas

Fatalistic approach

Question 9

Income

Answer 9

Strong postive correltion between income and prevention methods.

More money = repellents = bets = coils to reduce infection
Also better nurishment = better eficayiom = can afford medication

Also agricultural farmers generate more income in harvest time but can not afford nets/ treatment during main malarial season

Question 10

Education

Answer 10

Better knowledge on hygiene / sanitation / prevent methods / know what the risks are so can make effort to reduce them

Malawi found bet ownership was largely absent in homes where the head of the household had no primary education

Question 11

Distance and accessibility

Answer 11

Greater distance to clinics / hospital is associated with fewer seeekinf prevention / treatment methods

Eg repellents and coils less available so used less in rural area

Question 12

MOST AT RISK

Answer 12

Children
Poor income
Poor housing
Not educated