Japan - Specific Patterns Of Pop Change Flashcards
Population
126,960,000
2016
World population rank
10th
Population growth rate ?
0.7%
Life expectancy
84 years
Birth rate
7.9 per 1000 people
Death rate
10.2 per 1000
Death rate higher
Fertility rate
1.46
Largest city
Tokyo
Japans culture / history
Children after marriage.
Taking care of elderly.
After WW2 they had strong economy and it meant Japanese people desired liveries such as own homes and had aspiration.
Was Traditional culture and paternalistic but number in work face has increased
Japans population distribution
Not as populated in north where 75% of mountains are (100 people /km2)
Densely populated south and south east especially along coast and where there is flat land.
90.7% of people live in
cities (6100 people /km2)
How many islands ?
6,800+ with 97% living in largest
Is population doing to decrease or increase ?
127 million in 2016
Going to decrease to 108 million by 2050
How to residents Over come mountainous regions ?
Terracing the relief of landscape to increase farm land.
How much is urbanised ?
93,5%
Expensive
40th densely populated country in world so do not want as much children as no space
Climate
Varies in different regions.
Tokyo is a temperate climate
Summer time = rain / typhoons
Winter - mild
Ethnicity
Not ethically diverse
98.5% are Japanese natives with only 1.5% from other nations (China)
Meaning migration can’t boost birth rate up or help look after elderly as there isn’t many migrants
Median age
46.7
Ageing pop
By 2050 it’s expected to reach 53.2
Average life expectancy
83
Over 65s make up 23.9% of population in 2013
What is Japan’s total dependency ratio ?
64.5
Describe Japan’s population structure ?
Narrow base (birthrate)
Extends out at age 37 to 45 then goes in.
Comes out at 62-64.
Narrows from then on.
Ageing population stage 5
Top heavy
What problem is japan facing
Not enough people to look after older population.
Less babies means exacerbate impact in future
Reasons for ageing pop
Excellent healthcare // sanitation. Low fat diets / obesity Air cleaner due to fewer fossil fuels used. Contraception accessible. School is expensive Marriage Role of women in society Emancipation of women
How much GDP is spent on health care?
10.2% in 2013
Marriage levels
Decreasing.
62% of women not been married.
72% of men never been married.
Less time for sex.
Emancipation of women
Equal
Focused on careers
Sometimes flea for better opportunities
50% no sex
Positive impacts of an ageing population
Secondary sector (manufacturing) very successful - more revenue. Less pressure on school. Elderly volunteer/ help out. More leisure activities for elderly. Increase in grey £ New robot technology
Negative impacts of ageing population
Need to attract 650,000 immigrants a year - but hard to integrate into uniform environmental.
25% of budget spent on pensions.
Demographic debt.
Pressure on care services
3.8 million elderly live alone with no support
How will industries be impacted from ageing pop?
Outsource to replace workforce
What are governments trying to do to mitigate
Increase tax from 5-10% to pay for pension. Retirement increased to 70 Encourage migration of skilled workers Robots to help elderly Dating events
New angel plan
2000
Increase birthrate by providing free child care and improving working hours for mothers
Womenomics
Pressuring companies to give incentives to hire more women and provide them with leadership.
Are these strategies helping ?
Few strategies don’t help raise birthrate just help cope with ageing population.
Weak
Not large scale
Need more migration / stricter rules and better pro natal policies
