Lower Urinary Tract Infection

Question 1

What is a lower urinary tract infection usually due to?

Answer 1

E. coli

Question 2

Why are women more susceptible to UTIs?

Answer 2

Because they have shorter urethras and smaller distance to the anus

Question 3

Other than entering through the urethra, how can someone develop a UTI? What microorganism is associated with this route?

Answer 3

• Via the blood

- Staphylococcus aureus

Question 4

What are the defenses to protect against UTIs?

5

Answer 4

• Washout
  
  • Urine dispels microbes
• Immune response
  
  • IgA
• Microbial antagonism by normal flora
• Mucin layer
  
  • Secreted by cells of the bladder wall
  • Prevent direct contact of microorganisms
• Prostatic fluid
  
  • Antibacterial properties

Question 5

What type of cell is the bladder made of? Why is this significant?

Answer 5

• Transitional cells

- Allows for the stretch and recoil of the bladder

Question 6

What are some risks of lower UTIs?

Answer 6

• Catheterization
  
  • Microbes attach to the outsider of the catheter and
    create biofilm and becomes a defense mechanism
    for microorganisms
• Urinary tract obstruction
• Urine stasis/reflux

Question 7

If someone were to develop a UTI due to catheterization, what specific word be used to describe this infection?

Answer 7

Iatrogenic

Question 8

What are the mnfts of a lower UTI?

Answer 8

• Lower abdomen and back pain
• Increased frequency of urination
  
  • Due to irritation of bladder and urethra
• Dysuria
  
  • Also due to irritation

Question 9

What is used to Dx a lower UTI?

Answer 9

• Labs

- Urinalysis

Question 10

What is the Tx for a lower UTI?

Answer 10

• Antibiotics
  
  • Microbe specific
• Fluids
• Address cause