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Lower Limb Thigh Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the powerful and largest muscles in the body?

A

lower leg thigh

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2
Q

What two joints do these powerful muscles cross and act upon? What are the names of these muscles?

A

coxal (hip)
knee

sartorius, rectus femoris, hamstrings, gracillis

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3
Q

An important purpose of these muscles is to _____________ the highly movable coxal joint and support the body during standing and walking

A

Stabilize

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4
Q

Majority of the muscles that move the thigh at the coxal joint originate on the __________________ and insert on the _____________.

A

pelvic girdle
femur

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5
Q

The posterior leg has what two functions?

A

hip extension and knee flexion

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6
Q

the anterior leg has what two functions?

A

hip flexion and knee extension

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7
Q

The medial leg does ____________, while the lateral leg does ___________________.

A

adduction
abduction

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8
Q

What are the 4 adductor muscles?

A
  1. adductor longus
  2. adductor brevis
  3. gracilis
  4. adductor magnus
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9
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A
  1. iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas major)
  2. rectus femoris
  3. sartorius
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10
Q

what is a VERY strong hip flexor?

A

iliopsoas

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11
Q

What two muscles converge to tendon (iliopsoas)?

A

iliacus and psoas major

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12
Q

What is the origin of the psoas major?

A

transverse process of L1-L5

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13
Q

What is the origin of the iliacus?

A

iliac fossa

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14
Q

What does the rectus femoris attach to?

A

iliac spine

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15
Q

What is the only quad that has a function at the hip?

A

rectus femoris

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16
Q

What motion is the rectus femoris responsible for?

A

hip flexion

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17
Q

What does the sartorius attach to?

A

medial side of the tibia (pes anserine)

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18
Q

What attaches to the pes anserine?

A
  1. sartorius
  2. gracilis
  3. semitendinosus muscles
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19
Q

What 4 motions does the sartorius help with?

A
  1. hip flexion
  2. slightly knee flexion
  3. thigh external rotation
  4. lower leg internal rotation
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20
Q

What sport uses the sartorius a lot?

A

soccer

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21
Q

What motion do the medial muscles of the thigh deal with? Which nerve?

A

hip adduction
obturator nerve

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22
Q

List the medial muscles of the leg from anterior to posterior:

A

Obturator externus
Pectineus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis

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23
Q

What motions do the obturator externus help with?

A

adduction of the thigh
external rotation of hip

24
Q

What motions do the adductor brevis, adductor longus, and pectineus help with?

A

hip adduction and weak hip flexors (ANTERIOR)

25
What motions do the adductor magnus help with?
hip extension adduction (POSTERIOR)
26
What motions does the gracilis help with?
adduction of thigh and knee flexion (attached to the pes anserine->knee flexion)
27
Which medial muscles of the thigh are superficial? Deep?
Superficial: - pectineus - adductor longus - gracilis Deep: - adductor brevis - adductor magnus
28
What muscle is the adductor hiatus associated with? What artery flows thru?
adductor magnus femoral-> popliteal
29
What is the function of the adductor magnus?
adduction and hip extension
30
What is the lateral muscle of the thigh?
Tensor fasciae latae
31
What tendon is the tensor fasciae latae associated with?
IT band (iliotibial tract)
32
What is the structure that is on the lateral tibia and is where the IT band attaches to?
Gerdy's tubercle
33
What is the opposite of the Gerdy's tubercule?
pes anserine
34
What are the motions associated with the Gerdy's tubercle?
slightly hip adduction and hip flexion
35
What are the muscles of the posterior thigh? Also known as what region?
biceps femoris (2 lateral) semimembranosus and semitendinosus (2 medial) HAMSTRINGS
36
What are the motions associated with the hamstrings?
hip extension and knee flexion
37
What is the motion with the bicep femoris?
external rotation of lower leg
38
What is the motion associated with the semimembranosus and semitendinosus?
medial rotation of the lower leg
39
What is the origin of the hamstrings?
ischial tuberosity
40
What are the muscles of the gluteal group? Describe location
gluteus maximus (top bun) gluteus medius (middle) gluteus minimus (bottom bun)
41
What are the motions of each component of the gluteal group?
maximus = extension and laterally rotate hip medius and minimus = abduction of thigh and medial rotation
42
What are the muscles of the deep gluteal region from superior to inferior?
Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris
43
What is the motion associated with the deep gluteal region?
lateral rotation
44
What goes thru the piriformis and the superior gemellus?
sciatic nerve
45
What thigh muscles move the knee joint with EXTENSION?
QUADS: Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius
46
What motions does the rectus femoris help with?
hip flexion AND knee extension
47
What is the function of the Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis, and Vastus intermedius?
ONLY knee extension
48
All four of the quads converge on a single quadriceps tendon, which extends to the _____________ and then continues ___________ as the ____________ ligament and inserts on the ______________ _____________.
patella inferiorly patellar tibial tuberosity
49
Which quad is most central and anterior? What muscle does it block?
rectus femoris vastus intermedius
50
What are the thigh muscles that move the knee joint by FLEXION? What are they called as a group?
bicep femoris semimembranosus semitendinosus ^^^HAMSTRINGS sartorius gracilis
51
The bicep femoris helps with what motion?
lateral lower leg rotation (lateral side)
52
what function does the semimembranosus and semitendinosus help with?
medial lower leg rotation (MEDIAL)
53
What do all the hamstring muscles help with?
hip extension and flexion
54
What are the 3 muscles that the pes anserine attaches to?
semitendinosus sartorius gracilis
55
What is the most superficial pairing of the hamstring? Deep pairing?
superficial = semitendinosus + biceps femoris LONG head deep = semimembranosus + biceps femoris SHORT head

Anatomy (21 decks)

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