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Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Which blood vessels are elastic and muscular?

A

arteries

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2
Q

Which blood vessel has the greatest pressure?

A

arteries

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3
Q

Capillaries exchange between _______________ and ________________ spaces across the walls.

A

blood and interstitial

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4
Q

What are the 4 “levels/sizes” of veins?

A

1) venules (smallest)
2) small veins
3) medium veins
4) large veins

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5
Q

What are the names of great veins?

A

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
coronary sinus

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6
Q

What types of cells make up the capillary walls?

A

endothelial cells

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7
Q

What connect smallest arterial structures and smallest venules to make a ____________ bed.

A

capillaries

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of capillaries? What are they classified by?

A
  1. Continuous
  2. Fenestrated
  3. Sinusoid

diameter/permeability

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9
Q

Which type of capillary have endothelial cells that touch each other (like a puzzle). They are also the most common.

A

continuous

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10
Q

Which type of capillary have holes in the cells and allow larger materials to pass through?

A

fenstrated

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11
Q

What type of capillaries are found near the kidneys, eyes, and intestines?

A

fenstrated

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12
Q

Which type of capillary resembles swiss cheese and allows PROTEINS to pass through?

A

sinusoid

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13
Q

What type of capillary in found in bone marrow and liver?

A

sinusoid

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14
Q

In capillary networks, blood flows from ________________ through _________________, then through capillary networks/beds.

A

arterioles
metarterioles

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15
Q

What drain the capillary networks?

A

venules

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16
Q

Smooth muscle in _________________, __________________, and ___________________ ________________ regulate blood flow.

A

arterioles, metarterioles and precapillary sphincters

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17
Q

What is another word for opening?

A

lumen

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18
Q

What are the three layers (tunics) in arteries and veins?

A
  1. tunica intima
  2. tunica media
  3. tunica externa/adventitia
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19
Q

What layer is also known as tunica intima? What tissue is it made of?

A

endothelium
connective tissue

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20
Q

What is the purpose of tunica media layer? What type of tissue is it made out of?

A

vasoconstriction and vasodilation

smooth muscular tissue

ALWAYS LARGER THAN THE COMPANION VEIN

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21
Q

Which layer merges with connective tissue and it is larger in vein than artery?

A

tunica externa

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22
Q

Which arteries have the largest diameters and pressure is high and fluctuates?

A

elastic or conducting arteries

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23
Q

Which arteries have smooth muscle that allows constricting or dilating?

A

muscular or medium arteries

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24
Q

Which arteries are known as small arteries to capillaries?

A

arterioles

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25
Venules and small veins are tubes of ________________ on delicate basement membrane.
endothelium
26
Since veins do not have fibrous skeletons they have _____________. These allow blood flow toward heart but in opposite direction.
valves (they have less pressure than heart valves)
27
_______________________ ___________________ allow blood to flow from arterioles to small veins without passing through capillaries.
arteriovenous anastomosis
28
What 3 things are involved in pulmonary circulation and move blood to and from the lungs?
1. Pulmonary trunk 2. Pulmonary arteries 3. Pulmonary veins
29
What arises from the right ventricle?
pulmonary trunk
30
What branches from the pulmonary trunk which then project to the lungs?
pulmonary arteries
31
Pulmonary veins exits each lung and enter the _______ ___________.
left atrium
32
If you see the word "common" then this means....
split
33
What are the branches of the aorta? (1-5)
1. ascending aorta 2. aortic arch 3. descending aorta (thoracic and abdominal) 4. thoracic aorta 5. abdominal aorta
34
What are the 3 arteries of the aorta?
1. Brachiocephalic artery 2. left common carotid artery 3. left subclavian artery
35
As far as the arteries of the aorta are concerned, which are asymmetrical and symmetrical?
asym = brachiocephalic symm = left common and left subclavian
36
What arteries branch off of the thoracic aorta?
L and R coronary arteries
37
Which bone is in front of the ascending aorta?
manubrium
38
The celiac trunk (superior anterior branch) has 3 branches, what are they called?
1. splenic 2. left gastric 3/ common hepatic
39
The superior mesenteric artery covers what portions of the abdomen?
Divide the abdomen in a diagonal line from the top right to bottom left... it covers the top left half
40
The inferior mesenteric artery covers what portions of the abdomen?
Divide the abdomen in a diagonal line from the top right to bottom left... it covers the bottom right half
41
The 3 major anterior abdominal artery branches are what?
1. celiac trunk (top) 2. superior mesenteric (middle) 3. inferior mesenteric (bottom)
42
Superior mesenteric involves which organ?
stomach
43
Inferior mesenteric is involved mainly with which organ, and also a bit of another organ?
mainly= intestines a little bit stomach
44
What divides the thoracic and abdominal regions?
diaphragm
45
What arteries are between the superior mesenteric and inferior arteries? (4)
most superior 1. RL suprarenal 2. RL renal 3. RL gonadal 4. lumbar
46
The common carotid artery splits into what 2 arteries?
internal and external carotid
47
Which artery goes to the brain?
internal carotid
48
Which artery supplies blood to the face?
external carotid artery
49
The vertebral artery branches from which artery?
subclavian
50
The vertebral artery merges into the _____________ artery.
basilar
51
What are the 4 important arteries of the upper limbs?
1. axillary 2. radial 3. ulnar 4. digital
52
Where do the arteries of the pelvis and lower limb start?
end of abdominal aorta
53
When the ______________________ goes underneath ____________________ ligament, it turns into the ______________ artery. (lower limb)
external iliac Inguinal femoral
54
The femoral artery passes through the ____________ and becomes the ___________________.
adductor hiatus popliteal artery
55
What artery is inferior to the popliteal artery?
fibular artery
56
How many pulmonary veins enter the right atrium?
4
57
The superior mesenteric artery deals with the ______________, __________, ______________, and ___________.
ascending colon, transverse colon, small intestine, and cecum.
58
The inferior mesenteric artery deals with the ______________, __________, ______________, and ___________.
descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and other part of small intestine.
59
The inferior mesenteric is the last anterior artery before it splits into ____________________________________________.
right and left common iliac
60
The brachiocephalic trunk branches into the _____________________. Then that branches into the _______________ and _______________ carotid where they branch to what regions?
common carotid internal (brain) external (face)
61
The vertebral artery branches from the ___________________ artery.
subclavian
62
The blood supply of the brain is supplied by 3 structures:
1. right internal carotid 2. left internal carotid 3. basilar
63
The right and left coronary branch from the ______________ ________.
ascending aorta
64
The vertebral artery travels through how many transverse foramen? This then leads to the _______________, and then travels to the ________ of ___________.
7 basilar artery circle of Willis (cerebral arterial circle
65
What arteries feed into the cerebral arterial circle?
internal carotids (right and left) basilar arteries
66
What arteries supply the anterior part of the knee?
genicular arteries
67
What is the companion vein of the carotid artery? Internal and external...
External carotid = external jugular vein Internal carotid = internal jugular vein
68
What is the purpose of the external jugular vein?
drains the blood in the face
69
What is the purpose of the internal jugular vein?
drains the blood in the brain
70
While there is only one __________________________ artery, there are two ____________________________ veins.
brachiocephalic
71
What are the names of the veins that drain directly into the superior vena cava?
azygos vein and hemiazygos vein
72
What is special about the branches from the anterior aorta?
The blood needs to be refiltered before it returns to the system (the blood is around the digestive system and blood needs to be cleaned once more)
73
Which branch (vein) is the only one that goes through the aorta?
hepatic portal vein
74
The hepatic portal vein drains into our __________ and comes out of our ________________.
liver
75
What is special about the hepatic portal vein?
It receives both oxygenated blood (from hepatic aorta) and deoxygenated blood (from hepatic portal vein)
76
What are the 3 veins found in the elbow? Which one is very superficial and blood is mainly drawn from here?
1. basilic vein (medial) 2. median cubital vein (middle) 3. cephalic vein (lateral) *blood drawn from cephalic vein
77
What vein drains the posterior leg and known for varicose veins?
small saphenous vein
78
What vein drains the medial leg and thigh?
great saphenous vein

Anatomy (21 decks)

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