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Anatomy > Lower Limb Joints > Flashcards

Lower Limb Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint?

A

ball-and-socket
synovial

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2
Q

What are the 3 ligaments involved with the hip joint? What are they all attach to?

A
  1. iliofemoral ligament
  2. pubofemoral ligament
  3. ischiofemoral ligament

femur

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3
Q

what is a cord-like structure that connects the hip’s femoral head to the acetabulum, or hip socket:

A

ligamentum teres (L. Capitis Femoris)

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4
Q

ligaments are just _____________ of joint capsule.

A

thickened

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5
Q

Where do the ligaments attach to from the hip?

A

fovea of the femur

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6
Q

You can see the iliofemoral ligament on what parts of the hip?

A

anterior and posterior top half

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7
Q

You can see the pubofemoral ligament on what parts of the hip?

A

anterior view (bottom half)

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8
Q

You can see the ischiofemoral ligament on what parts of the hip?

A

posterior bottom half

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9
Q

What is special about the ligament of the head of the femur? What is it called?

A

provides blood to the head of the femur

ligamentum teres (L. Capitis Femoris)

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10
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint?

A

condyloid (or modified hinge joint)

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11
Q

What bones are associated with the knee joint?

A

tibia and patella with the femur (NOT FIBULA)

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12
Q

What are the 3 articulation of the knee joint? What type of joint are they?

A
  1. femur and patella (planar)
  2. lateral tibiofemoral (modified hinge/condyloid)
  3. medial tibiofemoral (modified hinge/condyloid)
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13
Q

What are the names of the condyles that are on the distal part of the femur?

A

medial and lateral

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14
Q

The medial condyle of the femur matches with the _______ tibiofemoral articulation.

A

medial

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15
Q

Articulation between condyles of tibia and condyles of femur is known as the __________ joint.

A

knee (tibio-femoral)

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16
Q

What are the three ligaments in the tibio-femoral joint?

A
  1. patellar ligament (patellar tendon)
  2. medial (tibial) collateral ligament (MCL)
  3. lateral (fibular) collateral ligament (LCL)
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17
Q

What is the name of the tendon in the knee that covers the patella?

A

quadriceps femoris tendon

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18
Q

what are cartilaginous pads that help with shop absorption

A

menisci

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19
Q

Intra-Articular ligaments of the knee joint involve what two structures?

A
  1. Anterior Cruciate ligament (ACL)
    2.Posterior Cruciate ligament (PCL)
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20
Q

The ACL prevents _________________ displacement of the ___________ on the ____________ femur and _________________________ of the knee joint.

A

anterior
tibia on the femur
HYPEREXTENSION

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21
Q

The PCL prevents _________________ displacement of the ____________ on the femur _________________ and ______________________ of the knee joint.

A

posterior
tibia on the femur
HYPERFLEXION

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22
Q

The ACL runs from the anterior __________ and ______ to posterior _________ and __________.

A

inferior and medial

superior and lateral

23
Q

The ACL runs from the anterior __________ and ______ to posterior _________ and __________.

A

superior and medial

inferior and lateral

24
Q

What are the names of the two menisci in the knee?

A

lateral and medial

25
Q

How many collateral ligaments need to be torn in order to be called a knee dislocation?

A

3

26
Q

What is the name of the articulation btw the proximal fibula and tibia? What type of joint is it? (MINIMAL MOVEMENT)

A

tibio-fibular
planar

27
Q

The patello-femoral joint is between the patella and ________ _________ of the distal femur.

A

trochlear grooves

28
Q

What produces a mechanical advantage for quad function?

A

patello-femoral articulation

29
Q

What type of cartilage is the patello-femoral joint?

A

hyaline cartilage

30
Q

The patella is what type of bone?

A

sysamoid

31
Q

What is the name of the ankle joint and what type of joint is it?

A

Talocrural
hinge

32
Q

What are the 3 lateral ligaments of the ankle joint? What motions can they perform?

A
  1. anterior talofibular
  2. posterior talofibular
  3. calcaneofibula

ONLY FLEXION AND EXTENSION

33
Q

What joints connect the distal tibia and fibula, which then connect to the tarsal bones?

A

anterior talofibular and posterior talofibular

34
Q

How many total ligaments are associated with the ankle joint?

A

7 (3 lateral and 4 medial)

35
Q

Do high or low ankle sprains take longer to heal?

A

HIGH

36
Q

What is another name for medial ligaments?

A

deltoid ligaments

37
Q

What are the 4 ligaments of the medial ligament group?

A
  1. tibionavicular
  2. anterior tibiotalar
  3. posterior tibiotalar
  4. tibiocalcaneal
38
Q

the ankle joint is strong in __________________, but unstable in ___________________________.

A

strong = dorsiflexion
unstable = plantar flexion (more sprains are common)

39
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST FREQUENTLY INJURED MAJOR JOINT IN THE BODY?

A

ANKLE

40
Q

What are the articulation between the tarsal bones?

A

inter-tarsal

41
Q

inter-tarsal names are based on _____________

A

location

42
Q

inter-tarsals allow the foot to ____________ and _____________

A

invert
evert (twist)

43
Q

What are articulation btw tarsals (4) and metatarsals (5)?

A

tarsal-metatarsals

44
Q

_______________________ = metatarsals (1-3)

A

cuneiforms

45
Q

_______________ = metatarsals (4 &5)

A

cuboid

46
Q

What is the Lis Franc area?

A

squiggle separating the 1st and 2nd metatarsal from the cuneiform bones

47
Q

What are articulations btw metatarsals and phalanges? How many MP joints are there?

A

metatarsal-phalangeal

5

48
Q

CONDYLAR joints of the metatarsal-phalangeal joints allow ______________/______________ and limited _____________/_______________.

A

flexion/extension
adduction/abduction

49
Q

What are articulation btw individual phalange bones in the toes?

A

inter-phalangeal

50
Q

what type of joint are the inter-phalangeal? What are the motions?

A

hinge
flexion and extension

51
Q

Which toes have PIP? DIP?

A

2-5

52
Q

the big toe is also called the ___________ and has one ________.

A

hallux
IP

53
Q

What are the 3 arches of the foot?

A
  1. longitudinal (medial)
  2. longitudinal (lateral)
  3. transverse
54
Q

What is the main supporter of the medial longitudinal arch?

A

Plantar Calcaneonavicular (“Spring”) Lig.

Anatomy (21 decks)

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