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Anatomy > Lower Limb Joints > Flashcards

Lower Limb Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint?

A

ball-and-socket
synovial

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2
Q

What are the 3 ligaments involved with the hip joint? What are they all attach to?

A
  1. iliofemoral ligament
  2. pubofemoral ligament
  3. ischiofemoral ligament

femur

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3
Q

what is a cord-like structure that connects the hip’s femoral head to the acetabulum, or hip socket:

A

ligamentum teres (L. Capitis Femoris)

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4
Q

ligaments are just _____________ of joint capsule.

A

thickened

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5
Q

Where do the ligaments attach to from the hip?

A

fovea of the femur

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6
Q

You can see the iliofemoral ligament on what parts of the hip?

A

anterior and posterior top half

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7
Q

You can see the pubofemoral ligament on what parts of the hip?

A

anterior view (bottom half)

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8
Q

You can see the ischiofemoral ligament on what parts of the hip?

A

posterior bottom half

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9
Q

What is special about the ligament of the head of the femur? What is it called?

A

provides blood to the head of the femur

ligamentum teres (L. Capitis Femoris)

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10
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint?

A

condyloid (or modified hinge joint)

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11
Q

What bones are associated with the knee joint?

A

tibia and patella with the femur (NOT FIBULA)

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12
Q

What are the 3 articulation of the knee joint? What type of joint are they?

A
  1. femur and patella (planar)
  2. lateral tibiofemoral (modified hinge/condyloid)
  3. medial tibiofemoral (modified hinge/condyloid)
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13
Q

What are the names of the condyles that are on the distal part of the femur?

A

medial and lateral

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14
Q

The medial condyle of the femur matches with the _______ tibiofemoral articulation.

A

medial

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15
Q

Articulation between condyles of tibia and condyles of femur is known as the __________ joint.

A

knee (tibio-femoral)

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16
Q

What are the three ligaments in the tibio-femoral joint?

A
  1. patellar ligament (patellar tendon)
  2. medial (tibial) collateral ligament (MCL)
  3. lateral (fibular) collateral ligament (LCL)
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17
Q

What is the name of the tendon in the knee that covers the patella?

A

quadriceps femoris tendon

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18
Q

what are cartilaginous pads that help with shop absorption

A

menisci

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19
Q

Intra-Articular ligaments of the knee joint involve what two structures?

A
  1. Anterior Cruciate ligament (ACL)
    2.Posterior Cruciate ligament (PCL)
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20
Q

The ACL prevents _________________ displacement of the ___________ on the ____________ femur and _________________________ of the knee joint.

A

anterior
tibia on the femur
HYPEREXTENSION

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21
Q

The PCL prevents _________________ displacement of the ____________ on the femur _________________ and ______________________ of the knee joint.

A

posterior
tibia on the femur
HYPERFLEXION

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22
Q

The ACL runs from the anterior __________ and ______ to posterior _________ and __________.

A

inferior and medial

superior and lateral

23
Q

The ACL runs from the anterior __________ and ______ to posterior _________ and __________.

A

superior and medial

inferior and lateral

24
Q

What are the names of the two menisci in the knee?

A

lateral and medial

25
How many collateral ligaments need to be torn in order to be called a knee dislocation?
3
26
What is the name of the articulation btw the proximal fibula and tibia? What type of joint is it? (MINIMAL MOVEMENT)
tibio-fibular planar
27
The patello-femoral joint is between the patella and ________ _________ of the distal femur.
trochlear grooves
28
What produces a mechanical advantage for quad function?
patello-femoral articulation
29
What type of cartilage is the patello-femoral joint?
hyaline cartilage
30
The patella is what type of bone?
sysamoid
31
What is the name of the ankle joint and what type of joint is it?
Talocrural hinge
32
What are the 3 lateral ligaments of the ankle joint? What motions can they perform?
1. anterior talofibular 2. posterior talofibular 3. calcaneofibula ONLY FLEXION AND EXTENSION
33
What joints connect the distal tibia and fibula, which then connect to the tarsal bones?
anterior talofibular and posterior talofibular
34
How many total ligaments are associated with the ankle joint?
7 (3 lateral and 4 medial)
35
Do high or low ankle sprains take longer to heal?
HIGH
36
What is another name for medial ligaments?
deltoid ligaments
37
What are the 4 ligaments of the medial ligament group?
1. tibionavicular 2. anterior tibiotalar 3. posterior tibiotalar 4. tibiocalcaneal
38
the ankle joint is strong in __________________, but unstable in ___________________________.
strong = dorsiflexion unstable = plantar flexion (more sprains are common)
39
WHAT IS THE MOST FREQUENTLY INJURED MAJOR JOINT IN THE BODY?
ANKLE
40
What are the articulation between the tarsal bones?
inter-tarsal
41
inter-tarsal names are based on _____________
location
42
inter-tarsals allow the foot to ____________ and _____________
invert evert (twist)
43
What are articulation btw tarsals (4) and metatarsals (5)?
tarsal-metatarsals
44
_______________________ = metatarsals (1-3)
cuneiforms
45
_______________ = metatarsals (4 &5)
cuboid
46
What is the Lis Franc area?
squiggle separating the 1st and 2nd metatarsal from the cuneiform bones
47
What are articulations btw metatarsals and phalanges? How many MP joints are there?
metatarsal-phalangeal 5
48
CONDYLAR joints of the metatarsal-phalangeal joints allow ______________/______________ and limited _____________/_______________.
flexion/extension adduction/abduction
49
What are articulation btw individual phalange bones in the toes?
inter-phalangeal
50
what type of joint are the inter-phalangeal? What are the motions?
hinge flexion and extension
51
Which toes have PIP? DIP?
2-5
52
the big toe is also called the ___________ and has one ________.
hallux IP
53
What are the 3 arches of the foot?
1. longitudinal (medial) 2. longitudinal (lateral) 3. transverse
54
What is the main supporter of the medial longitudinal arch?
Plantar Calcaneonavicular (“Spring”) Lig.

Anatomy (21 decks)

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