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Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

integumentary system consists of …

A

nails, hair, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

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2
Q

what are the 2 layers of the cutaneous?

A

dermis and epidermis

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3
Q

What is the name of the layer that deals with fat storage?

A

subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

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4
Q

What is the largest organ in the body?

A

skin

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5
Q

What types of tissues does the integument consist of?

A

epithelial
connective
smooth
nervous

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6
Q

the _____________ tissue serves to protects underlying body layer

A

epithelial

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7
Q

the ________________ tissues contain blood vessels that provide nutrients, strength, and resilience to the skin

A

connective

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8
Q

the _______________ muscle tissue controls both blood vessel diameter and hair position

A

smooth

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9
Q

the _______________________ tissue supports and monitors sensory receptors in the skin

A

nervous

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10
Q

skin is water __________________, but not water ___________.

A

resistant
proof

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11
Q

The two distinct layers of the skin are the epidermis and dermis. The layer of __________________________ __________________ epithelium is epidermis. Then the dermis is the deeper layer of dense __________________ __________________ tissue.

A

stratified squamous

irregular connective

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12
Q

deep to the dermis is a layer of areolar and adipose connective tissue called the subcutaneous layer, or __________________

A

hypodermis

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13
Q

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

A

TOP

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

BOTTOM

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14
Q

What layer is where cells are created and are one cell layer thick?

A

stratum basale

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15
Q

What layer is made up of keratinocytes and varies on size or depth depending on location (2-5/7 layers thick)

A

stratum spinosum

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16
Q

what layer is more block-like and is 3-5 cell layers? Transformation of live to dead cells…

A

stratum granulosum

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17
Q

what layer is more water resistant and above the granulosum? Cells are flatter when cells die

A

stratum lucidum

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18
Q

What is the most impermeable layer and very thick?

A

stratum corneum

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19
Q

How many weeks would it take for a wound to heal?

A

4 weeks

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20
Q

What is a melanocyte and where is it?

A

produces melanin (pigment)
spinosum

21
Q

what is an epidermal dendritic (langerhans) cell and where is it?

A

helps fight infections and localized immune response

spinosum

22
Q

What are tactile and merkel cells and where are they?

A

pain perception and pressure (touch)

spinosum

23
Q

Where is thick skin found and what does it not have?

A

palms and soles

no hair

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

All 5 epidermal strata are in the thick skin

A

TRUE

25
Q

What layer does the thin skin lack? What does it contain then?

A

stratum lucidum

hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands

26
Q

Functions of skin:

A

Protection
prevention of water loss
temp regulation
metabolic regulation
immune defense
sensory reception
excretion

27
Q

How does blood impact skin color?

A

working out = bring blood to skin to help with circulation

skin = pale skin because blood is drawn to organs

28
Q

Where is melanin stored?

A

melanocytes

29
Q

how does carotene impact skin

A

orange

30
Q

what are Formed from large folds and valleys of both DERMAL and EPIDERMAL tissue?

A

FRICTION RIDGES

Increase friction

31
Q

nevus/moles are created from ___________ while freckles are _____________________.

A

moles= over growth of melanocytes

freckles - sun produces over production of melanin

32
Q

what are the 2 types of hemangioma?

A

capillary (strawberry)
cavernous (port wine)

33
Q

what is composed of cells of connective tissue proper and primarily of collagen fibers, although both elastic and reticular fibers are also present. – Allows skin to stretch and gives form to skin

A

dermis

34
Q

Is the epidermis avascular or vascular?

A

avascular

35
Q

What is more superficial? Papillary layer or reticular layer?

A

papillary

36
Q

what are tension lines in the skin identify the predominant orientation of collagen fiber bundles

A

lines of cleavage

37
Q

What types of incisions heal more quickly? what is slow?

A

quickly = parallel
slowly = perpendicular

38
Q

The dermis has extensive _________________.
– monitor sensory receptors in the dermis and epidermis, and control both blood flow and gland secretion rates
* _________________________________________________ cells perceive touch sensations, and work with a variety of other sensory nerve endings in the skin.

A

innervation
Tactile corpuscles and tactile (Merkel)

39
Q

What are scale-like modification of epidermis?

A

nails

40
Q

nails are hard derivatives from the ______________________________ layer

A

stratum corneum layer (not individual cells)

41
Q

what is found almost everywhere on the body except the palms of the hands, the sides and soles of the feet, the lips, the sides of the fingers and toes, and portions of the external genitalia

A

hair

42
Q

Functions of hair:

A

protection
hear retention
facial expressions
sensory reception
visual identifications
chemical signal dispersal (pheromone)

43
Q

hair color is the result of what?

A

the synthesis of melanin in the matrix adjacent to the papillae

44
Q

Loss of melanin in hair leads to ___________

A

gray hair

45
Q

what is another name for sudoriferous glands?

A

sweat

46
Q

what is the name for oil glands

A

sebaceous

47
Q

what glands produce ear wax?

A

ceruminous

48
Q

aging causes wrinkles and less resilience so…

A

immune response is diminished

Anatomy (21 decks)

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