Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

integumentary system consists of …

A

nails, hair, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

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2
Q

what are the 2 layers of the cutaneous?

A

dermis and epidermis

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3
Q

What is the name of the layer that deals with fat storage?

A

subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

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4
Q

What is the largest organ in the body?

A

skin

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5
Q

What types of tissues does the integument consist of?

A

epithelial
connective
smooth
nervous

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6
Q

the _____________ tissue serves to protects underlying body layer

A

epithelial

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7
Q

the ________________ tissues contain blood vessels that provide nutrients, strength, and resilience to the skin

A

connective

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8
Q

the _______________ muscle tissue controls both blood vessel diameter and hair position

A

smooth

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9
Q

the _______________________ tissue supports and monitors sensory receptors in the skin

A

nervous

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10
Q

skin is water __________________, but not water ___________.

A

resistant
proof

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11
Q

The two distinct layers of the skin are the epidermis and dermis. The layer of __________________________ __________________ epithelium is epidermis. Then the dermis is the deeper layer of dense __________________ __________________ tissue.

A

stratified squamous

irregular connective

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12
Q

deep to the dermis is a layer of areolar and adipose connective tissue called the subcutaneous layer, or __________________

A

hypodermis

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13
Q

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

A

TOP

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

BOTTOM

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14
Q

What layer is where cells are created and are one cell layer thick?

A

stratum basale

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15
Q

What layer is made up of keratinocytes and varies on size or depth depending on location (2-5/7 layers thick)

A

stratum spinosum

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16
Q

what layer is more block-like and is 3-5 cell layers? Transformation of live to dead cells…

A

stratum granulosum

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17
Q

what layer is more water resistant and above the granulosum? Cells are flatter when cells die

A

stratum lucidum

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18
Q

What is the most impermeable layer and very thick?

A

stratum corneum

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19
Q

How many weeks would it take for a wound to heal?

A

4 weeks

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20
Q

What is a melanocyte and where is it?

A

produces melanin (pigment)
spinosum

21
Q

what is an epidermal dendritic (langerhans) cell and where is it?

A

helps fight infections and localized immune response

spinosum

22
Q

What are tactile and merkel cells and where are they?

A

pain perception and pressure (touch)

spinosum

23
Q

Where is thick skin found and what does it not have?

A

palms and soles

no hair

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

All 5 epidermal strata are in the thick skin

25
What layer does the thin skin lack? What does it contain then?
stratum lucidum hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands
26
Functions of skin:
Protection prevention of water loss temp regulation metabolic regulation immune defense sensory reception excretion
27
How does blood impact skin color?
working out = bring blood to skin to help with circulation skin = pale skin because blood is drawn to organs
28
Where is melanin stored?
melanocytes
29
how does carotene impact skin
orange
30
what are Formed from large folds and valleys of both DERMAL and EPIDERMAL tissue?
FRICTION RIDGES Increase friction
31
nevus/moles are created from ___________ while freckles are _____________________.
moles= over growth of melanocytes freckles - sun produces over production of melanin
32
what are the 2 types of hemangioma?
capillary (strawberry) cavernous (port wine)
33
what is composed of cells of connective tissue proper and primarily of collagen fibers, although both elastic and reticular fibers are also present. – Allows skin to stretch and gives form to skin
dermis
34
Is the epidermis avascular or vascular?
avascular
35
What is more superficial? Papillary layer or reticular layer?
papillary
36
what are tension lines in the skin identify the predominant orientation of collagen fiber bundles
lines of cleavage
37
What types of incisions heal more quickly? what is slow?
quickly = parallel slowly = perpendicular
38
The dermis has extensive _________________. – monitor sensory receptors in the dermis and epidermis, and control both blood flow and gland secretion rates * _________________________________________________ cells perceive touch sensations, and work with a variety of other sensory nerve endings in the skin.
innervation Tactile corpuscles and tactile (Merkel)
39
What are scale-like modification of epidermis?
nails
40
nails are hard derivatives from the ______________________________ layer
stratum corneum layer (not individual cells)
41
what is found almost everywhere on the body except the palms of the hands, the sides and soles of the feet, the lips, the sides of the fingers and toes, and portions of the external genitalia
hair
42
Functions of hair:
protection hear retention facial expressions sensory reception visual identifications chemical signal dispersal (pheromone)
43
hair color is the result of what?
the synthesis of melanin in the matrix adjacent to the papillae
44
Loss of melanin in hair leads to ___________
gray hair
45
what is another name for sudoriferous glands?
sweat
46
what is the name for oil glands
sebaceous
47
what glands produce ear wax?
ceruminous
48
aging causes wrinkles and less resilience so...
immune response is diminished