Lower Limb Nerves Flashcards
The lower extremity is innervated by spinal nerves originating from the ________ and ___________ Spine.
lumbar and sacral
Spinal nerves from L-spine form a nerve plexus entitled the _________ __________.
lumbar plexus
Spinal nerves from the Sacral Spine form a nerve plexus entitled the __________ ___________.
sacral plexus
Nerve Plexus is: A network of interweaving _________ __________ of spinal nerves.
anterior rami
A network of interweaving anterior rami of spinal nerves is called _____________ _______________.
nerve plexuses
________________ rami of most spinal nerves form nerve plexuses on both the right and left sides of the body.
Anterior
The Sacral roots involve:
L4-S4
The Lumbar roots involve:
L1-L4
The lumbar nerve branches involve: (what is anterior and what is posterior)
obturator (anterior)
femoral (posterior)
The sacral nerve branches involve: (what is anterior and what is posterior)
tibial (anterior)
common fibular (posterior)
What three regions does the lumbar plexus innervate:
- upper hip
- groin
- anterior leg
What are the two parts of the femoral nerves:
1.) lateral femoral (patch by pocket on hip)
2.) saphenous (medial part of lower leg to toes)
DERMATOME ONLY
What is the name of the foramen that the obturator nerve goes through?
obturator foramen
The femoral artery goes through the _____________________ and becomes the ______________ _______________.
adductor hiatus
popliteal artery
The femoral nerve is underneath the _______________________ ligament and next to the _________________ vein and artery.
inguinal
femoral
What three nerves involve the dermatome and myotome for the pelvis and hip?
- iliohypogastric nerve
- ilioinguinal nerve
- genitofemoral nerve
What nerve sits on the lateral part of the upper thigh?
lateral femoral cutaneous nerves
the femoral nerve is deep to the ___________ _____________
external iliac artery
What muscles are a part of the femoral nerve and are strong hip flexors?
psoas major
iliacus
Sartorius
What has the opening for the adductor hiatus?
adductor magnus
What three muscles of the femoral nerve help with knee extension?
vastus lateralis
rectus femoris
vastus intermedius
What is the femoral myotome?
hip flexion and knee extension
What are the 4 hip adductors in the obturator nerve myotome?
adductor magnus
adductor brevis
adductor longus
gracilis
What is the dermatome of the obturator nerve
medial thigh
What regions do the sacral plexus innervate?
posterior hip and leg
What is the major nerve of the sacral plexus? What are the 2 parts?
sciatic
common fibular and tibial
What are the two parts of the common fibular nerve?
deep fibular
superficial fibular
The common fibular and tibial travel together until they split and exit the ________________
sacral plexus
The posterior leg is the ______________ and the anterior leg is the _________________________.
sacral plexus
lumbar plexus
What two nerves of the sacral plexus deal with adduction and hip extension?
superior gluteal nerve and interior gluteal nerve
What is a nerve sheath that hold the common fibular division and tibial division together (like a twix bar wrapping)
sciatic nerve
the _______________ is anterior while the __________________ is posterior.
tibial
common fibular
The sciatic/ischiadic nerev is half way between the:
- PSIS and Ischial Tuberosity
– Ischial tuberosity and Greater Trochanter
What muscles of the tibial nerve involve the hamstrings and glutes (hip extension and knee flexion)?
biceps femoris longus head
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
What two muscles of the tibial nerve help with calf flexion?
gastrocnemius
soleus
What are the toe flexors of the tibial nerve?
flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus
What are the plantar flexor muscles of the tibial nerve?
medial plantar nerve to plantar muscles
lateral plantar nerve to plantar muscles
what are the myotomes and movement of the common fibular nerve?
dorsi flexion and extension of toes
The deep fibular nerve has a big ____________________ and a small __________________.
myotome
dermatome
What does the deep fibular nerve deal with (motions)?
dorsiflexion
extension
The superficial fibular nerve has a big _____________________ and small ________________.
dermatomes
myotome
What are three injuries of the sciatic nerve?
fat cat syndrome
piriformis syndrome
sciatic compression
What causes sciatic compression (sciatica)?
large wallet
prolonged sitting
anatomical anomalies
What are the injuries of the tibial nerve?
knee dislocations
baker’s cysts (benign cyst in popliteal of knee)
Injuries to the tibial nerve create dysfunction of ___________ ___________.
plantar flexors
the fibular nerve wraps around the ____________ head.
fibular
What are the common injuries of fibular nerves?
ski boot syndrome
crossing legs
sitting lotus
foot drop
What is another name for the ski boot syndrome?
deep fibular nerve entrapment
if you have foot drop then….
can’t dorsi flex (flip up foot then quickly put it down)
