Lower Leg Muscles

Question 1

What is the word to describe the muscles that move the ankle, foot, and toes? What are their purpose? What are the compartments of these muscles?

Answer 1

crural muscles

help flex the knee

three compartments (anterior, lateral, and posterior)

Question 2

What muscles span the knee joint and work to flex the knee?

Answer 2

gastrocnemius
plantaris
popliteus

Question 3

What are the motions of the gastroc?

Answer 3

ankle plantar flexion and knee flexion (2 MUSCLE JOINT)

Question 4

What muscle attaches to the lateral femoral condyl and crosses the knee joint?

Answer 4

plantaris

Question 5

What muscles are a part of the calcaneal tendon?

Answer 5

GPS

gastroc
plantaris
soleus

Question 6

What are the WEAK functions of the plantaris?

Answer 6

weak knee flexion and ankle flexion

Question 7

what is the hand analogy for the plantaris?

Answer 7

palmaris longus

Question 8

What is the arm analogy for the politeus?

Answer 8

anconeus

Question 9

What is the function of the popliteus?

Answer 9

flex and medially rotate knee (one joint muscle doesn’t cross ankle joint)

Question 10

What is the “knee unlocker” (when knee is extended to unextend

Answer 10

popliteus

Question 11

Which muscle twists lower leg into medial rotation?

Answer 11

popliteus

Question 12

What does the anterior compartment of the leg do?

Answer 12

dorsiflexion and toe extension

Question 13

what does the lateral compartent of the leg do?

Answer 13

eversion

Question 14

What does the superficial posterior compartment of the leg do?

Answer 14

plantar flexion

Question 15

what does the deep posterior compartment do?

Answer 15

plantar flexion and eversion

Question 16

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 16

extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
fibularis (peroneus) tertius
tibialis anterior

Question 17

What hold down all the anterior compartment muscles?

Answer 17

extensor retinaculum

Question 18

What is the function of the extensor digitorum longus and what does it cross?

Answer 18

ankle dorsiflexion and extend toes
cross ankle joint

Question 19

What function does the extensor hallucis longus have and what does it cross?

Answer 19

ankle dorsiflexion and big toe extension

crosses the anterior ankle

Question 20

what does the fibularis (peroneus) tertius do? What does it cross?

Answer 20

lateral foot
dorsiflexion and Eversion

Question 21

what does the tibialis anterior do? What is it attached to?

Answer 21

primary dorsiflexion and Inversion

attached on the medial side

DOES NOT FLEX TOES

Question 22

What are the three “landmarks” of the knee? What attaches to each of them?

Answer 22

1) tibial tuberosity [patellar ligament]
2) pes anserine [sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles]
3) Gerdy’s tubercle [IT band]

Question 23

Which leg compartment has two synergistic muscles that do what functions?

Answer 23

lateral
eversion and plantar flexion

Question 24

The fibularis (peroneus) longus is on top of the ___________________.

Answer 24

fibularis brevis

Question 25

the tendon the the fibularis longus attaches to the ___________ side of the foot

Answer 25

plantar

Question 26

ALL fibularis muscles do what motion to the foot

Answer 26

EVERT

Question 27

The fibularis longus and brevis help with what motion?

Answer 27

plantar flexion and eversion

Question 28

the fibular tertius does what motion?

Answer 28

dorsiflexion

Question 29

The superficial layer of the posterior compartments contains what 3 muscles?

Answer 29

gastroc soleus plantaris

Question 30

Does the posterior muscles deal with toes movement?

Answer 30

(doesn't have a function with toes)

Question 31

What is the most superficial lower leg muscle?

Answer 31

medial and lateral head of the gastrocnemius (crosses knee)

Question 32

What function at the knee does the soleus have?

Answer 32

NONE

Question 33

What is a broad, flat muscle deep to the gastroc?

Answer 33

soleus

Question 34

What muscle crosses the knee that is also absent in some?

Answer 34

plantaris

Question 35

the plantaris is a weak ....

Answer 35

knee and plantar flexor

Question 36

the deep layer of the posterior compartment contains what four muscles?

Answer 36

Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior Popliteus

Question 37

The deep posterior compartment is on the _______ side of the ankle to the foot

Answer 37

medial

Question 38

What two muscles plantar flex, invert, and flex toes 2-5

Answer 38

flexor digitorum longus tibialis posterior

Question 39

What muscle plantar flex, invert, and flex big toe

Answer 39

flexor hallucis longus

Question 40

popliteus is an ________ rotator of the tibia

Answer 40

external

Question 41

What is the order of the deep posterior from the top of the knee? WHat about by ankle?

Answer 41

top of knee (D TP H) ankle (T D H)

Question 42

The intrinsic muscles of the foot support the _____ and move the toes to aid in _______.

Answer 42

arch locomotion

Question 43

TRUE OR FALSE the intrinsic muscles have a function at the ankle

Answer 43

FALSE

Question 44

What are the dorsal groups of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?

Answer 44

extensor hallucis brevis extensor digitorum brevis

Question 45

What is in the tarsal tunnel?

Answer 45

Tibialis posterior flexor digitorum longus tibial artery tibial vein tibial nerve flexor hallucis longus

Question 46

What is the plantar group of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?

Answer 46

plantar aponeurosis (plantar fascia)

Question 47

Four layers of the intrinsic muscles exist.. what is the layer 1 (most superficial)

Answer 47

Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi Abductor hallucis

Question 48

What is layer 2 of the intrinsic foot?

Answer 48

Quadratus plantae Lumbricals

Question 49

What stabilizes toes and correct line of pull for flexor digitorum muscles?

Answer 49

Quadratus plantae

Question 50

what flexes MP joints only?

Answer 50

lumbricals

Question 51

What is layer 3 of the intrinsic muscles?

Answer 51

Adductor hallucis Flexor hallucis brevis Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 52

What is layer 4 of intrinsic muscles of the foot (most deep)?

Answer 52

Dorsal interossei (4) Plantar interossei (3)