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Anatomy > Intro & Systems > Flashcards

Intro & Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy is the study of the _________________ of the body.

A

structure

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2
Q

Physiology is the scientific discipline that studies the ________________ of body structures.

A

function

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3
Q

Physiology = ?

A

function

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4
Q

Anatomy = ?

A

structure

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5
Q

What are the two categories of anatomical study:

A
  1. microscopic
  2. gross
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6
Q

The study of structures with the aid of a microscope is called:

A

microscopic

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7
Q

The structural features of cells is called:

A

cytology

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8
Q

The study of tissues is called:

A

histology

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9
Q

The study of structures that can be examined without the aid of a microscope is called:

A

gross

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10
Q

The study of the gross anatomy involved in body systems. i.e. circulatory, musculoskeletal, etc:

A

systemic approach

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11
Q

Studying the body by areas. i.e. head, trunk, extremities, etc. :

A

regional approach

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12
Q

The study of the external form of the body and its relation to deeper structures. i.e. the bony landmarks such as the sternum used to locate regions of the heart:

A

surface anatomy approach

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13
Q

anatomical changes due to disease

A

pathology

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14
Q

observing anatomy via diagnostic tests (CT scan, bone scan, MRI)

A

radiology

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15
Q

location of structures prior to and after surgery

A

surgical

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16
Q

anatomy used during clinical examination or visit. FOCUS OF THIS CLASS

A

clinical

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17
Q

The clinical study of human anatomy emphasizes structure and function as they relate to the ____________________________ and other health sciences.

A

practice of medicine

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18
Q

TRUE/FALSE: Emphasizes structure and function that are clinically relevant

A

TRUE

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19
Q

Accurate diagnosis is based on knowledge of __________________.

A

anatomy

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20
Q

Consists of how many levels of structural organization:

A

6

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21
Q

Name the levels of organization (lowest to highest):

A
  1. Chemical
  2. Cellular
  3. Tissue
  4. Organ
  5. Organ system
  6. Organismal
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22
Q

Chemical level consists of ___________ and __________________ that join to create cells.

A

atoms and molecules

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23
Q

Cellular level creation of ________________ that are specialized and functional units of cells.

A

organelles

24
Q

Tissue level precise organizations of cells that form _________________ that has specific function.

A

tissue

25
Q

What type of tissue covers body cavities and exposed tissue?

A

Epithelial

26
Q

What tissue protects, supports, and connects tissues and organs?

A

Connective

27
Q

What tissue involves movement production?

A

Muscles

28
Q

Which tissues involve communication and conduction of impulses?

A

Nervous

29
Q

Which level deals with organs being formed and at least 2 different tissue types combine?

(at this level there are at lease 2 types of functions!)

A

Organ level

30
Q

The organ system level is related organs and structures that ___________________ to produce desired function.

A

coordinate activities

31
Q

What is the highest level or organization, and consists of varioous organ systems to produce a living ____________________.

A

Organismal level; organism

32
Q

FILL IN THE BLANKS :)

______1______ and ______1______ join to form different cells, similar cells join to form _____2_____, different ____2_____ join to form ___3_____, different ___3___ join to form _____4___, and different _____4_____ join to form an organism.

A
  1. Atoms and Molecules
  2. tissues
  3. organs
  4. organ systems
33
Q

Name the 11 Major Organ Systems!!!!

A
  • Integumentary
  • Skeletal
  • Muscular
  • Nervous
  • Endocrine
  • CardioVascular
  • Lymphatic
  • Respiratory
  • Digestive
  • Urinary
  • Reproductive
34
Q

Which system provides protection, regulates body temperature and cutaneous receptors?

A

Integumentary

35
Q

The integumentary system helps absorb _______________ and prevents ________________.

A

Vitamin D and prevents water loss

36
Q

Which system provides support AND protection, is the site of hematopoiesis, and allows for body movement?

A

Skeletal

37
Q

The skeletal system stores what two elements?

A

calcium and phosphorus

38
Q

Which system produces body movements, allows for locomotion, fine motor control, and allows us to function “normally” daily?

AND

Give an example of how it comes into play…

A

Muscular

the body generates heat when muscles contract (shivering when cold)

39
Q

The nervous system is a ______________ system that controls body systems?

A

regulatory

40
Q

Which system responds to sensory stimuli, helps control all other systems of the body, and responsible for consciousness, intelligence, memory?

A

nervous system

41
Q

The endocrine system consists of ____________ and _______ _____________ that secrete ____________.

A

glands and cell clusters
hormones

42
Q

What system involves body and cellular growth, chemical levels in the body, and reproductive functions?

A

Endocrine

43
Q

The cardiovascular system consists of a ___________ (AKA the _________).

A

pump; heart

44
Q

The heart moves blood through _______________ in order to distribute ________, ___________________, __________, and pick up _____________ products.

A

vessels;
hormones, nutrients, gases;
waste products

45
Q

Which system transports and filters interstitial fluid?

BONUS: What is another name for interstitial fluid?

A

Lymphatic

Lymph

46
Q

Which system initiates an immune response when necessary?

A

Lymphatic

47
Q

The respiratory system is responsible for exchange of what 2 things?

This exchange occurs between ___________ and _______ in the lungs.

A

Respiratory

blood and air

48
Q

The digestive system ______________ and _______________ breaks down and digests food materials.

A

mechanically and chemically

49
Q

The digestive system has two functions…

A
  1. Absorb nutrients
  2. Expels waste products
50
Q

The urinary system filters _____________.

A

blood

51
Q

The urinary system concentrates ___________ and expels waste products in the form of ________________.

A

waste
urine

52
Q

The urinary system regulates blood ________________ and ___________, and also measures __________ levels.

A

volume and pressure
acidity levels

53
Q

The male reproductive system produces __________ and hormones (________________).

A

Sperm
testosterone

54
Q

The female reproductive system produces ____________ and hormones ______________ and __________________.

A

oocytes
estrogen and progesterone

55
Q

The female reproductive system is the site of what 2 things?

A
  1. Fertilization of oocyte
  2. Growth and development of embryo and fetus

Anatomy (18 decks)

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