Lone-parent families Flashcards

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1
Q

Lone parent families now make-up

A

24% of all families.

One in 4 children now live in lone-parent family

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2
Q

What percentage of lone-parent families are headed by women?

A

90%

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3
Q

Which women are and were the biggest group of lone mothers?

A

until 1990s
-divorced women were the biggest group of lone mothers

from the 1990s
-single (never married) women became the biggest group lone mothers

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4
Q

Reason for the increase in lone parent families

A

-increase in divorce
-death of one parent

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5
Q

Reasons why lone parent families tended to be female-headed

A

-courts would usually give custody to mother
-mothers wanted to be single by choice
-women rather live off benefits
-feminist ideas

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6
Q

Explain increased divorce as the reason for increased no. of lone parents

A

increase in divorce and separation and increase of never-married women having children

also linked to a decline in stigma attached to births outside marriage

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7
Q

Explain death of a parent as the reason for increased no. of lone parents

A

in the past death of one parent was a common cause of lone-parent families

but this no longer very significant

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8
Q

Explain how why courts system leads to lone parent families tended to be female-headed

A

widespread belief that women are by nature suited to an ‘expressive’ or nurturing role

courts tend to give custody to mothers after divorce

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9
Q

Explain how why personal choice leads to lone parent families tended to be female-headed

A

some women may not wish to cohabit or marry or they may wish to limit the father’s involvement with the child

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10
Q

Who can you use as supporting for evidence for the point that lone parent families tend to be female-headed due to personal choice ?

A

Jean Renvoise (1985)

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11
Q

Jean Renvoise (1985)

A

found that professional women were able to support their child without the father’s involvement

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12
Q

Explain how why relying on state welfare leads to lone parent families tended to be female-headed.

WHO CAN YOU REFER TO ?!!!

A

Ellis Cashmore (1984)
found some w/c mothers with less earning power chose to live of welfare benefits w/o a partner, usually those who had experienced abuse

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13
Q

Explain how feminists ideas leads to lone parent families tended to be female-headed.

A

feminist ideas
-greater opportunities for women may have also encourage an increased in the number of never-married lone mothers

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14
Q

New Right views on increase lone-parent families

who can you refer to?

A

Charles Murray (1984)
-sees the growth of lone-parent families as resulting from an overgenerous welfare state providing benefits for unmarried mothers and their children

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15
Q

Who created the notion of ‘preserve incentive’ ?

A

Charles Murray

it rewards irresponsible behaviour such as having children w/o being able to provide for them

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16
Q

Murray argues that welfare benefits creates…?

A

‘dependency culture’
-in which people assume that state will support them and their children

17
Q

What is the solution, according to Murray?

A

abolish welfare benefits
-this would reduce the dependency culture that encourages births outside marriage

18
Q

Critics of New Right views

A

argue that welfare benefits are from from generous and lone-parent families are much more likely to be in poverty

19
Q

Reason why critics of New Right believe that welfare benefits are from generous and Lone parent families are much more likely to live in poverty ?

A

-lack of affordable childcare= prevents lone parents from working = 60% are unemployed

-inadequate welfare benefits

-most lone parents are women, who generally earn less than men

-failure of fathers to pay maintenance, especially if they have formed a second family that they have to support