Changes Within The Family- Are Domestic Roles Becoming More Equal?

Question 1

Which sociologists believe that domestic roles ARE becoming more equal?

Answer 1

Willmott & Young

Question 2

Willmott and Young views on nuclear family and family types.

Answer 2

argue that extended family has been replaced by a privatised nuclear family characterised by ‘symmetry’

Question 3

Willmott and Young belief surrounding
domestic roles becoming more equal.

Answer 3

YES THEY’RE
-modern marriage is now characterised by ‘joint conjugal roles’
-meaning that women now going out to work
-men are doing a faire share of domestic tasks
-couples now more likely to share both leisure time and decision-making

Question 4

Which sociologists believe that domestic roles becoming ARE NOT more equal?

Answer 4

Oakley
British Social Attitudes Survey 2007
Elston
Hardill
Pahl and Vogler

Question 5

Oakley

Answer 5

domestic roles becoming ARE NOT more equal

-argues that Willmott & Young’s claim of increasing symmetry is based on
-suspect methodology
-their conclusions were based in one interview which was worded in such a way that could exaggerate the amount of housework done by men

Question 6

oakley believes that Willmott and Young’s claim was based on …

Answer 6

suspect methodology

Question 7

British Social Attitudes Survey 2007

Answer 7

domestic roles becoming ARE NOT more equal

found more sharing of child-rearing than household tasks, although there was some movement towards a more qual division of labour overtime

Question 8

Ferri and Smith

Answer 8

domestic roles becoming ARE NOT more equal

-used survey data to focus on childcare
-in almost every kind of household
-even where women was in paid employment outside the home and the man was not
-it was more common for the woman to take the main responsibility for childcare

Question 9

Elston

Answer 9

domestic roles becoming ARE NOT more equal

ELSTON’S SURVEY
-of over 400 couples in which both partners were doctors
-found that 80% of female doctors reported that they took time off work to look after their sick children
-compared w/ only 2% of male doctors

Question 10

What did Elston conclude from his study?

Answer 10

concluded that only a minority of professional couples in her study genuinely shared housework and childcare

Question 11

Hardill

Answer 11

domestic roles becoming ARE NOT more equal

-in her study of 30 dual-career professional couples
-Hardill found that the important decisions were usually taken by
-either a male alone or jointly and that his career normally took priority when deciding whether to move house for a new job

Question 12

Pahl and Vogler

Answer 12

domestic roles becoming ARE NOT more equal

-P&V focus on how each partner’s contribution to the family income affects decision-making within the family

-they found that ‘pooling’ incomes through

e.g
-a joint bank account
was on the increase and was more common among couples who both work full-time

-however, they found that men usually made the major financial decisions.

Question 13

HOWEVER ARGUMENTS

Answer 13

Bourghes and Beck
Sullivan

Question 14

Bourghes and Beck

Answer 14

HOWEVER ARGUMENT
suggest that fathers are increasingly taking an active involvement in the emotional side of bringing up children even when marriages break down
-HOWEVER
-its is important NOT TO EXAGGERATE men’s role in childcare

Question 15

Researcher evidence to support Bourghes and Beck

Answer 15

GRAY
- found that many fathers would like to spend more time with their children but are prevented by long working hours from bonding effectively with their children

Question 16

Sullivan

Answer 16

Sullivan’s analysis data
-collected over 25 year period
-found a trend towards greater equality as men did more domestic labour
-there was an increased in the number of couples w/ an equal division of labour
-men were participating more ion traditional ‘womens’ tasks such as childcare and ironing

Question 17

Sources of evaluation
Giddens

Answer 17

-argues that in recent decades the family and marriages have been transformed by greater choice and more equality between M and F

Question 18

As a result of recent changes in family …

Sources of evaluation
Giddens

Answer 18

the basis of marriage and the family have changed into one
-in which the couple are free to define their relationship themselves
-rather than acting out roles that have been defined by law or tradition
-E.G
=can chose whether to marry or cohabit, and who carries out particular domestic roles

Question 19

Sources of evaluation
Beck

Answer 19

-puts forward a similar view to giddens
-argues we now live in a ‘RISK SOCIETY’

Question 20

Beck argues we live in a what society?

Answer 20

RISK SOCIETY

Question 21

Who argues we live in a risk society? and and define risk society.

Answer 21

BECK
risk society= where tradition has less influence and people have more of a choice
-as such, we are more aware of risks because making a choice involves calculating risks involved

Question 22

Beck argues that we now have, what type of families?

Answer 22

negociatyed families

Question 23

Define negociated families

Answer 23

-families which do not conform to traditional family norm
and whose does what domestic task varies
-according to wishes and expectations of members

Question 24

Who argued we have negociated families?

Answer 24

Beckl

Question 25

What has led to the new family type of ‘negotiated families’ as Beck argues?

Answer 25

Greater gender equality and greater individualism