Lipid Lowering Drugs (Antilipemic Drugs) (53)

Question 1

What are the two primary forms of lipids in the blood

Answer 1

Triglycerides and cholesterol

Question 2

Triglycerides and cholesterol are __ soluble __’s that must be packaged for transport in blood

Answer 2

Water soluble fats

Question 3

____ are the combination of lipids with protein

Answer 3

Lipoproteins

Question 4

Lipoproteins

Answer 4

Lipids + proteins

Question 5

lipids

Answer 5

Cholesterol, TGs, others

Question 6

Proteins

Answer 6

On the surface of the particle

Question 7

Chylomicrons are from

Answer 7

The GI tract

Question 8

Very low density lipoprotein

Answer 8

Produced by liver and transports TGs to cells

Question 9

Low density lipoprotein

Answer 9

Less desired, bad cholesterol
-cholesterol rich
-cell membranes and steroid hormones

Question 10

High density lipoprotein

Answer 10

Highly desired
-responsible for recycling of cholesterol
-also known as good cholesterol

Question 11

Non modifiable factors of coronary artery disease

Answer 11

Age, family history, strong history of premature CAD

Question 12

Age risk factors of CAD: male/female

Answer 12

Male- 45+

Female- 55+

Question 13

Modifiable factors of CAD

Answer 13

-current cigarette smoker
-abdominal obesity
-hypertension
-DM
-LDL:HDL ratio

Question 14

Four groups of lipid lowering drugs

Answer 14

-HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
-inhibitors of cholesterol absorption
-niacin
-fibric acid derivatives

Question 15

HMG-CoA

Answer 15

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A
-one of metabolites in cholesterol synthesis pathway

Question 16

HMG-CoA reductase

Answer 16

Critical enzyme for liver cholesterol production

Question 17

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors reduce..

Answer 17

Plasma LDL levels

Question 18

Example of HMG-CoA reductase inhibtors

Answer 18

Atorvastatin
-end in statin!!!

Question 19

HMG-CoA reductase inhibtors MOA

Answer 19

Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase
-which is an important liver enzyme that produces cholesterol

Question 20

HMG-CoA reductase inhibtors lower the rate of

Answer 20

Cholesterol production
-inc liver LDL receptors
-inc plasma clearance of LDL

Question 21

Added benefits of statins

Answer 21

-decrease VLDL (carry TGs)
-raise HDL (improve LDL/HDL)

Question 22

HMG-CoA reductase inhibtors indications

Answer 22

-first line drug therapy for hyper cholesterol Emma
-treatment of types IIa and IIb hyperlipidemias (high LDL) levels

Question 23

HMG-CoA reductase inhibtors adverse effects

Answer 23

-GI disturbances
-headache
-muscle pain (myalgia)
-liver injury (raised enzymes)

Question 24

Contraindications of HMG-CoA reductase inhibtors

Answer 24

Not used during pregnancy

Question 25

Grapefruit and grapefruit juice

Answer 25

Inhibit CYP3A4