Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology > Antianginal Drugs (54) > Flashcards

Antianginal Drugs (54) Flashcards

1
Q

Angina

A

Chest pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Angina is caused by

A

Insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients in the blood, to meet demands of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where is the topical distribution of angina (referred pain)

A

Left sided pain, neck, arm, down to hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Stable angina

A

Predictable
-exercise, excitement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Unstable angina

A

Occurs without activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Variant angina

A

Coronary artery vasospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Micro vascular angina

A

Spasms in smallest coronary arteries
-longer lasting pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Micro vascular angina is more common in

A

Women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How long does micro vascular angina last

A

10 to 30 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Stable angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Prinzmetals angina

A

Variant angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Therapeutic goals of angina

A

-relieve the pain of a current attack
-prevention/limiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Broad treatment goals of antianginal drugs

A
  1. Improve blood flow in coronary circulation
  2. Reduce heart muscle metabolic demands
  3. Or both
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Four types of antianginal drugs

A

-organic nitrates
-beta blockers
-calcium channel blockers
-ranolazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Combination therapies for antianginal drugs

A

-nitrates and ccbs
-nitrates and B blockers
-ccbs and b blockers
-nitrates and ccbs and b blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Organic nitrates mechanism of actions

A
  1. Combine with S-nitrosonthiol and sodium nitroprusside
  2. Creates GC which makes GTP into cGMP
  3. Relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Organic nitrates cause

A

Vasodilation
-relaxation of vascular smooth muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do organic nitrates cause vasodilation

A
  1. Dilate coronary arteries
  2. Reduce cardiac preload, and afterload
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Preload vs afterload

A

Preload - relax veins

Afterload - relax systemic arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Preload physiology

A

Stress on ventricular wall before systole
-volume of blood in ventricles at the end of diastole/before systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Preload relates to what law

A

Frank starling law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

afterload physiology

A

Resistance heart has to pump against

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Afterload is determined by

A

Arteriolar pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Organic nitrates decrease..

A

Preload and afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Decreased preload =
Dilate veins
26
Dilated veins
Decreases stroke volume, cardiac output, blood pressure And cardiac work
27
Decreased afterload =
Arteriolar vasodilator and blood pressure Decreased cardiac work
28
Nitroglycerin first pass effect
Large first pass effect
29
Nitroglycerin is a
Organic nitrates
30
How is organic nitrates given
SL for symptomatic treatment -not PO
31
How is organic nitrates given when symptoms need to be treated
SL
32
Nitroglycerin is given ___ for prevention of angina
Patch/PO
33
When is nitroglycerin given IV
For BP control in perioperative hypertension, HF, ischemic pain, pulmonary edema associated with acute MI, hypertensive emergencies
34
Isosorbide mononitrate helps with, and is give…
Prolonged action for prophylaxis -orallyyyyy
35
Nitrates are used for (3)
-acute relief -prophylaxis in situations that may provoke -long term prophylaxis
36
Acute relief of angina
Few minutes, last around an hour -SL, tablet, or spray
37
Prophylaxis in situations that may provoke angina
Such as exercise -SL and oral
38
Long term pyophylaxis of angina
-transdermal patches -oral
39
Transdermal patches vs oral
Transdermal- nitroglycerin Oral- nitroglycerin and isosorbide mononitrate
40
Adverse effects of organic nitrates
-headache -postural hypotension -reflex tachycardia
41
Adverse effects of organic nitrates: headache
Classic and predictable in almost all patients -usually diminish in intensity and frequency with continued use
42
Adverse effects of organic nitrates: postural hypotension
Some peripheral edema due to pooling of blood in venous system
43
Adverse effects of organic nitrates: reflex tachycardia
Partially offsets beneficial effects -may combine with b blocker
44
Organic nitrates can build up a ___ to the drug
Tolerance -over a signal day
45
How do you avoid the tolerance of organic nitrates
46
Nitroglycerin NEVER do what
Chew or swallow SL form
47
Nitrate topical ointments and transdermal forms: client implications
-site rotations -removal of old medications
48
Removal of old nitrlgycerin patches reduces
Tolerance by removing topical forms at bedtime, and apply new doses in the morning -allowing for a nitrate free period
49
Beta blockers: B and Reno Peter antagonists
-atenolol -metoprolol -propranolol
50
Mechanisms of action of beta blockers
-decreases HR -decreases myocardial contraction lite
51
Decrease in HR =
Decrease cardiac work and myocardial oxygen demand
52
Decrease myocardial contractility =
Decrease cardiac work and myocardial oxygen demand
53
Beta blockers are
Long term prevention of angina
54
Beta blockers are NOT for
Acute exacerbations of angina
55
Indications of beta blockers
-angina -anthypertensive -cardioprotective effects -migraine headaches
56
Which beta blocker is used for migraine headaches
Propranolol
57
Adverse effects of beta blockers: cardiovascular effects
-bradycardia -hypotension -second or third degree heart block -HF
58
Adverse effects of beta blockers: metabolism
-altered glucose -lipid metabolism
59
Adverse effects of beta blockers: CNS
-dizziness -fatigue -mental depression -lethargy -drowsiness -unusual dreams
60
Adverse effects of beta blockers: other
-impotence -wheezing -dyspnea
61
Client implications of beta blockers
Monitor pulse rate daily and report any lower than 60 beats per minute
62
Beta blockers should never be
Abruptly discontinued -physical dependence
63
Three calcium channel blockers
-diltiazem -verapamil -nifedipine
64
CCBs mechanism of action
-Reduce myocardial contractility -peripheral arterial vasodilation -decreased myocardial oxygen demand
65
Which of the CCBs reduce myocardial contractility
Verapamil and diltiazem
66
Which of the CCBs cause peripheral arterial vasodilation
All of them
67
Indications of CCBs
First line agents -angina -hypertension -super ventricular tachycardia
68
Encourage clients to keep a record of
Anginal attacks -pills taken, therapeutic effects, precipitating factors
69
Alcohol consumption, hot baths, hot tubs or saunas cause…
Vasodilation and hypotension
70
Client implications of CCBs
Constipation is a common problem -adequate fluids and eat high fibre foods

Pharmacology (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions