Antidiarrheals (84)

Question 1

Acute diarrhea

Answer 1

Sudden onset in a previously healthy person
-3 days to 2 weeks
-self limiting and resolves without sequelae

Question 2

Causes of acute diarrhea

Answer 2

Microbial, drug induced, nutritional

Question 3

Chronic diarrhea

Answer 3

Lasts for more than 3 weeks
-associated with recurring passage of diarrheal stools

Question 4

Causes of chronic diarrhea

Answer 4

Tumours, diabetes, hormonal, IBS

Question 5

MOA of opioids as antidiarrheals

Answer 5

Activate opioid receptors in GI tract
-decrease bowel motility
-increases bowel transit time and allows more time for water and electrolytes
-decrease secretion and increase fluid absorption

Question 6

Example of opioid for antidiarrheals

Answer 6

Loperamide

Question 7

Problems with loperamide

Answer 7

Poorly absorbed, poor access to CNS

Question 8

AE of opioids

Answer 8

Excessive doses can lead to typical opioid drug effects

Question 9

Absorbaents

Answer 9

Coat the walls of the GI tract
-bind to bacteria or toxin helps eliminate it through stool
-inhibit intestinal secretions

Question 10

Examples of adsorbents

Answer 10

Bismuth subsaliculate

Question 11

Bismuth subsalicylate also used for

Answer 11

Relief of stomach acid symptoms

Question 12

Bismuth AE

Answer 12

Constipation, dark stools, dark tongue, metallic taste, blue gums

Question 13

Never give bismuth subsalicylate to

Answer 13

Children younger than age 16 or teenagers with viral infections
-Reyes syndrome

Question 14

Anticholinergic MOA

Answer 14

Antagonist at cholinergic receptor
-decreasing diarrheal muscle cramping

Question 15

Example of Anticholinergic for antidiarrheals

Answer 15

Atropine