Leptospirosis Flashcards
How is L.interrogans transferred?
Contact of mucous membranes or broken skin with water/soil that’s contaminated with urine of infected animal
Causative agent of leptospirosis
Leptospira interrogans
In viewing L.interrogans, darkfield microscopy is not required. T or F?
F
Darkfield- required
Philippines has __ incidence of leptospirosis
A. Low
B. Moderate
C. High
B
After it enters the body, it multiplies in blood and tissue. This may lead to __ aka inflammation of blood vessel
Vasculitis
Which is not a vital pathogenic property of leptospira?
A. Adhesion
B. Enterotoxin
C. Cellular toxicity
b
What is the major surface lipoprotein in Leptospira pathogenic serovars? It is involved in pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial nephritis
LipL32
Which is false?
A.Pulmonary involvement of leptospira is the result of inflammation
B.Many Leptospira-infected people are asymptomatic
C.Among symptomatics, 90% are mild
D.When L.interrogans affects liver, centrilobular necrosis may occur
F
Result of hemorrhage siya
Identify the lepto phase
Invasion or persistence of pathogenic bacteria in blood stream
Septicemic phase
Identify the lepto phase
Antibody prod + excretion of leptospires @ urine
Immune phase
the lepto patient is experiencing conjunctival suffusion; classify
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Severe
A
the lepto patient is experiencing oliguria; classify
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Severe
B
the lepto patient is experiencing hepatic necrosis; classify
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Severe
C
Which lepto cases needs to be hospitalized? A. Mild B. Moderate C. Severe D. B and C E. A,B & C
D
The ff are WHO lepto diag criteria except
A.positive leptospiral culture of the blood and/or urine
B.high positive single lepto Microagglutination Test (MAT) titer of 1:1600
C.Seroconversion from initial MAT negative to a positive antibody titer
D.twofold rise in antibody titers by MAT from acute to convalescent.
D
fourfold dapat
Gold standard of diagnosis for lepto
Culture isolation
Any of the ff media may be used for lepto culture except A.EMJH B.Fletcher's C.Lowenstein Jensen D.none of the 3
C
Identify the detection method
Utilizes live antigens of leptospires (nonpathogenic) as reagent against patients’ serum and examined under dark field for agglutination
Microagglutination Antibody Test
Genus specific MAT uses __ as live antigen
Leptospira biflexa
Genus specific MAT positive cutoff in country
1:1600
Criteria whose diagnosis is based on clinical, epid and lab data
Faine’s criteria
Drug of choice for anicteric lepto
Doxycycline
Postulated etiology of Jarrisch-Herxheimer reaction
this is an inflammatory process that results from activation of the cytokine cascade (increase IL-1 and IL-6)
For pregnant patients, preexposure prophy is recommended to reduce their risk of getting infected. T or F?
F
JL is a pedicab driver who has to feed 6 kids and a wife. During the rainy season, he has to wade through floodwater everyday to get his passengers through Taft Ave. what is his risk exposure assessment?
A.low
B.moderate
C.high
C
RB is a student living in Alabang.It was raining hard & to get to the bus, she had to wade in flood water. She was wearing slippers but her feet had no wounds.what is her risk exposure assessment?
A.low
B.moderate
C.high
A
T or F
Corticosteroids reduce mortality and change outcome significantly when used in early in management of pulmo lepto
T
___ with non-invasive ventilation is life-saving in ARDS owing to leptospirosis
Methylprednisolone
The ____of endemic leptospiral strains complicates the development of vaccine that can be used worldwide.
local variability in serovars
