Bordetella Flashcards
False about Bordetella pertussis
A. Transmission by aerosolized droplets
B.Non-invasive to cells or tissue
C. May also affect other animals
C
It affects humans only
False about Bordetella A. Strict anaerobe B. Non motile C. ferments glucose and lactose (no gas from both) D. Resemble H. influenzae •
A
Strict aerobe
B pertussis grows small, hemolytic colonies on __
Bordet Gengou medium
It does not grow on BAP and MAC
Identify
• causes diseases in animals such as kennel cough in dogs and snuffles in rabbits
• occasionally causes respiratory disease
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Which is false?
A) B parapertussis & B bronchoseptica grow on SBP/MAC
B) B parapertussis & B bronchoseptica are urease positive
C) B pertussis & B bronchoseptica are oxidase positive; B parapertussis is oxidase negative
D) All three medically impt Bordetella species are non-motile
D
B bronchoseptica is motile
Preferred specimen for Bordetella diagnosis
saline nasal wash
Which does not happen in direct fluorescent antibody test?
A)FA reagent can be used to examine nasopharyngeal swab specimens B)false-positive and false-negative results may occur
C)most useful in identifying B pertussis
C
only useful after culture on solid media
Bordetella virulence genes, bvgA and bvgS. What does each one do?
• bvgS responds to environmental signals while bvgA is a transcriptional activator of the virulence genes
What is cell chorum?
organisms when they multiply in the body, if they have enough number they will secrete virulence
Enumerate Stages of whooping cough
Catarrhal
Paroxysmal
Convalescent
A.Profuse and mucoid rhinorrhea (runny nose) that persists for 1 to 2 weeks.
B.Nonspecific findings such as malaise, fever, sneezing, and anorexia may also be present.
C.The disease is most communicable at this stage, since it develops the whoop.
Which is false about catarrhal stage?
C
Whoop @ paroxysmal
False about paroxysmal stage
A.Appearance of a persistent cough with the characteristic “whoop” upon inhalation
B.This leads to rapid exhaustion and may be associated with vomiting, cyanosis, and convulsions
C.Runny nose also present
C
Sa catarrhal madalas yung runny nose.
In whooping cough, there is T Lymphocytosis. What is T lymphocytosis?
T Lymphocytes promoted/activated but impaired chemotaxis or do not proliferate
Identify the adhesin
• surface molecule
• rod-like protein that agglutinate erythrocytes.
• Mediates adhesion with an amino acid sequence (arginine, glycine, aspartic acid) present in host integrins, epithelial cells, and macrophages.
Filamentous hemagglutinin
Identify the virulence factor
- Required for PERSISTENT tracheal colonization (involved in attachment)
- Component of some acellular pertussis vaccines
- Required for protective immunity to infection
Pili/fimbriae
The filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin are secreted proteins and are found inside of the B. pertussis cells.
T or F?
F. Outside dapat
Identify the pertussis toxin
- interferes with cellular signaling, chemotaxis, superoxide generation, and microbicidal function of immune effector cells
- calmodulin-activated with adenylate cyclase and hemolysin activity
- increase in CAMP –> imbalance of ions damages the cell
Adenylate cyclase toxin
Identify the pertussis toxin
- Heat-labile secreted toxin
- Transglutaminase activity that acts on small GTPases of the Rho family
- Induces localized necrosis
Dermonecrotic toxin
- Disaccharide-tetrapeptide monomeric by-product of peptidoglycan synthesis - Inhibits DNA sythesis in ciliated cells and is not regulated by bvg
- Increased IL-1 and nitric oxide production
Identify the pertussis toxin
Tracheal cytotoxin
Identify
- Allows Bordetella to translocate effector proteins directly into host cells - Required for PERSISTENT tracheal colonization
- Inhibits host immune response
- Induces necrotic cell death
Type III secretion system
False about lipooligosaccharide A.Activate and induce TNF production in macrophages B.with repetitive O-antigen structure C.pyrogenic D.mitogenic
B
lack of dapat
Which is not a systemic effect of pertussis toxin?
- T cell Lymphocytosis with ↓ mitogenicity
- ↑ insulin secretion
- Histamine sensitization
- ↑ IgM production
4
IgE dapat
ribosylation of G proteins inhibits _____
Signal transduction
Identify
substances which prolong the exposure to the antigen; coats the antigen so it will not degrade easily, so it will persist; enhances immune response
Adjuvant
A.B pertussis survives for long periods outside the human host.
B.There are no vectors.
C.Transmission is largely by the respiratory route from early cases and possibly via carriers.
Which is false?
A
Short period dapat
The bacteria liberate the toxins and substances that irritate surface cells, causing _____ and ____
The bacteria liberate the toxins and substances that irritate surface cells, causing coughing and marked lymphocytosis.
Obstruction of the smaller bronchioles by mucous plugs results in atelectasis and diminished oxygenation of the blood. This may lead to what clinical manifestation?
Convulsions in infants
Effective antibiotic vs B pertussis
Erythromycin
