Lecute 15: Shoulder, Arm, Elbow Flashcards
What 5 things are joints composed of?
Bone, ligaments/capsule, tendons/muscle, intra-articular structures, bursae
What are the 3 types of joint?
fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
Name the 6 types of synovial joint types.
Saddle, ball & socket, condyloid, pivot, hinge, plane
Bursae are ____ of synovial membrane. They are placed between to structures to reduce _______, and are sometimes continuous with a _____ _________. What is chronic infl. of bursae called?
Sacs, friction, joint capsule. Bursitis.
Tendon sheaths are made of _______ _______ wrapping around tendons, forming sleeves and reducing _______. Consists of which two layers?
Synovial membranes, friction. Parietal & visceral layers.
Name the three types of synovial irritation.
Rheumatoid arthritis, bursitis, tenosynovitis.
Posterior brachial branches supply for which type of movement? Which two branches are posterior?
Extensor. Radial & axillary.
What areas does radial supply? Axillary?
Radial = posterior arm (extensor). Axillary = shoulder (extensor).
What areas does musculocutaneous supply? Median? Ulnar?
Musc. = biceps (flexion)
Median = ant. arm/hand lateral (flexion)
Ulnar = ant. arm/hand medial (flexion)
Limb compartments are separated by _____ _______. Muscles within a compartment act ____________ on a _____. Each compartment is supplied by its own __________ bundle.
Fibrous sheaths, synergistically, neurovascular.
The deep palmar arch has blood running from _____ to _______. The __________ palmar arch is the opposite.
Radial, ulnar, superficial.
What is the reinforce capsule of the glenohumeral joint called?
The glenohumeral ligs
The glenoid labrum is the thickening of ___________ around the __________ ______. It deepens the ______ and may be torn with _____________.
Fibrocartilage, glenoid fossa, socket, dislocation.
What are the four layers/groups of muscles acting on the shoulder? How many muscles per group?
Superficial (extrinsic back, 4), deep layer (rotator cuff, 4), pectoral (3), brachium (3)
Muscles can only ____. ____ muscles allow for opposing movements, __________ muscles work together.
Pull, antagonistic, synergistic
The trapezius is innervated by the ________ nerve. Responsible for _______ elevation/depression and rotation of the _______ cavity _______.
Accessory, scapular, glenoid, superiorly.
The LD is innervated by the ________ nerve and is responsible for extending and _______ the ________.
Thoracodorsal, adducting, humerus.
Rhomboids are innervated by the _______ ______ nerve. They retract the ______ and rotate the _______ cavity ________.
Dorsal scapular, scapula, glenoid, inferiorly.
Teres major are innervated by the ______ __________ nerve. They ____ and medially rotate the ______.
Lower subscapular, adduct, arm.
What are the 4 muscles apart of the rotator cuff? Hint: SITS
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
The supraspinatus and the infraspinatus are innervated by the _________ nerve. The former initiates & assists with arm ____, while the latter _________ rotates arm.
Suprascapular, abduction, laterally.
The teres minor is innervated by the ______ nerve and ______ rotates the arm. The subscapularis is innervated by the _____________ nerves and _______ rotates arm.
axillary, laterally, upper & lower subscapular, medially
What are the three muscles involved in the pectoral region?
Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior
The pectoralis major is innervated by the ____________ nerves, responsible for _____ flexion and _______.
Lat + med pectoral, arm, adduction.
