Lecture 17: Hand, Body Wall

Question 1

Name the four outcropping muscles. Are they responsible for flex or extens?

Answer 1

Abductor Pollicus longus, extensor pollicus longus/brevis, extensor indicis. Extension.

Question 2

Name the 4 carpi muscles (2 flex, 2 extensor), and their action.

Answer 2

Flex: flexor carpi ulnaris/radialis
Extens: Extensor carpi ulnaris/radialis
Action: ulnar/radial deviation

Question 3

Name the 5 digitorium muscles (2 flex, 3 extens) and their action.

Answer 3

Flex: flexor digitirum superficialis/profundus
Extens: extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor indicis.
Action: Finger flex/extens

Question 4

What is the special muscle acting on forearm/wrist? Action?

Answer 4

Palmaris longus. Tightening of palmar skin.

Question 5

Name all 8 carpal bones.

Answer 5

Hamate, pisiform, triquetrum, lunate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium, scaphoid.

Question 6

In lumbrical muscles, fingers 1/2 are innervated by _____ N, 3/4 innervated by ________ N. Action?

Answer 6

Median, ulnar. Flex MCP joints, extend IP joints.

Question 7

What nerve innervates interossei muscles? What are the 2 types and their action?

Answer 7

Ulnar.
Palmar = adduct digits 1-3
Dorsal = abduct digits 1-4

Question 8

What is the difference between thenar and hypothenar muscle groups? What nerves innervate them?

Answer 8

Thenar = thumb. Hypothenar = pinky.
Thenar is innervated by median and ulnar, hypothenar innervated by ulnar.

Question 9

The carpal tunnel contains what 3 things? What is the floor and roof of the tunnel?

Answer 9

Contents: Median N, flexor digitorum superficialis & profundus tendons.
Floor: carpal bones
Roof: flexor retinaculum

Question 10

What is carpal tunnel syndrome? What are sympoms?

Answer 10

Compression of median N. Causes thenar muscle weakness and skin numbness.

Question 11

What two joints make up the wrist?

Answer 11

Radiocarpal (flex/extens)
Distal radioulnar (sup/pro)

Question 12

What four anatomy compose the thoracic cage?

Answer 12

Sternum, costal cartilage, 12 ribs (x2), thoracic vertebrae (12)

Question 13

What does the transverse foramen hold?

Answer 13

The vertebral artery

Question 14

Which nerve provides innervation to the deep back muscles?

Answer 14

Posterior rami of spinal N.

Question 15

What are the three superficial muscles of erector spinae? Hint: I like standing.

Answer 15

Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Question 16

What are the three deep muscles of the transversospinal group?

Answer 16

Semispinalis, rotatores, multifidus.

Question 17

What is the action of the erector spinous group?

Answer 17

Extend vertebral column and head, laterally flex column.

Question 18

What are the functions of the transversospinalis group?

Answer 18

SC: head + neck extension
M: vert extens/stabilization
R: vert extens/stabilization/rotation

Question 19

What are some differences between erector spinae and transversospinalis muscles?

Answer 19

Erector has longer fibers, TVS has shorter. Erector has superolateral, TVS has superomedial.

Question 20

External int. muscles run ________ and medially, responsible for ________. Internal int. muscles run _______ and medially, responsible for ___________.

Answer 20

Downward, inhalation, upward, exhalation.

Question 21

What are the four layers of abdominal muscles? What innervates them?

Answer 21

External oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominus, transversus abdominus. Anterior rami.

Question 22

What is diastasis recti?

Answer 22

Separation of fascia at linea alba, occurs during/post preganncy, also sometimes seen with newborns