Lecture 20: Leg and Shank Flashcards
What is a foot drop characterized by?
Inability to dorsiflex, reduced eversion.
What are the 5 ligaments of the knee?
MCL, LCL, PCL, ACL, patellar
What are the 4 bones of the knee?
Femur, tibia, fibula, patella
What are the 3 joints of the knee?
Femoropatellar, femorotibial, superior tibiofibular
Which ligament is visible from the FRONT of the knee? Back of the knee? Hint: think of “X” structure.
Front = PCL (posterior)
Back = ACL (anterior)
goes by attachment point to tibia
The fibular nerve splits into which two branches?
Superficial & deep
______/_______ do not happen in the shank.
Pronation, supination
Adduction of foot = _______
Abduction of foot = _________
Inversion, eversion
Plantar flexion = ____ into ground
Dorsiflexion = ______ into ground.
Toes, heel.
What are the four shank compartments? What tightly coats the shank?
Anterior (dorsiflexors)
Lateral (everters)
Deep posterior, superficial posterior (plantar flexors)
Crural fascia coats shank.
Which nerve innervates the anterior compartment/function? Which 3 muscles are involved in this compartment
Deep fibular N, ankle dorsiflexion. Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorium longus, extensor hallucis longus.
Which nerve innervates the lateral compartment? Function? Which two muscles conduct this function?
Superficial fibular. Ankle eversion & support plantar arches. Fibularis longus & brevis.
The superficial AND deep posterior compartment is innervated by the ________ nerve and is responsible for _______ __________.
Tibial, plantar flexion.
Which 5 muscles are within the superficial posterior compartment?
Plantaris, popliteus, gastrocnemius, achilles tendon, soleus.
Which 3 muscles are within the deep posterior compartment?
Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus.
Why does foot drop happen during hip dislocation?
Compromised fibular nerve = anterior/lateral compartments can’t dorsiflex.
________ are thick fibrous bands that hold tendons in place when they cross the ________ and _______.
Retinacula, wrists, ankle
What are the 5 tarsal bones (*excluding meta/phalanges)
Calcaneous, talus, cuboid, nacvicular, cuneiforms
What are the three joints of the ankle?
Distal tibiotibular, talocrural, subtalar
The distal tibiofibular jt. has tight tibiofibular __________. Which two ligs hold it in place?
Syndesmosis. Ant + post. tibiofibular ligaments.
The crural joint is between the ______ _______ and the ______. What does it permit?
Ankle mortise, talus. Permits dorsi and plantar flexion.
Which 4 ligaments hold the crural jt. in place?
Posterior + anterior talofibular, deltoid lig, calcaneofibular.
Which two sub-joints are involved in the subtalar joints? What do they permit?
Ant = talonavicular complex.
Post = talocalcaneal jt.
Permits = inversion/eversion
Which 5 ligs are involved in the subtalar jt?
Ant, post, med, lat, interosseous talocalcaneus.
Which joint permits dorsi/plantar flexion?
Talocrural
Which three structures support the arches of the foot?
Tibialis posterior, fibularis longus, calcaneonavicular lig
What is the insertion point of the sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosis?
Pes anserinus
