Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY > lecture exam 4- Ch.25 > Flashcards

lecture exam 4- Ch.25 Flashcards

1
Q

process of breaking down food into simpler forms through mechanical & chemical manipulation in the gastrointestinal tract (GI); resulting in absorption of nutrients

A

digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

entry of material in mouth

A

ingestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

churning, segmentation, & grinding of ingested food

A

mechanical digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

acid, enzymes, buffers, & emulsifying salts secreted to break chemical bonds

A

chemical digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

movement of simplified macronutrients, micronutrients, & water into interstitial fluid of GI tract

A

absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

unabsorbed ingesta, undigested food, metabolic waste, sloughed cells of GI lining & bacteria

A

excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

dehydration & compaction of waste material; fecal formation

A

compaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

food –> ____ –> ___

A

bolus; chyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

individual amino acids & peptides

A

proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

micelles, spheres of FAs & monoglycerides

A

fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • simple sugar (monosaccharides): fructose, glucose
  • structural carbohydrates: fiber is not absorbed
A

sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

diffuses through SI & LI

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

some diffuse; many use micelles
- vitamins: C, B12, E, K
- minerals: calcium, phosphorus, iron

A

micronutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

enzymes rely on specific pHs; concentration of H+
- stomach pH pf 2
- SI pH of 4

A

pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

inner lining of GI tract; mucous membrane

A

mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

exocrine; large lymphatic & vasculature

A

submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

propels ingesta; form sphincters

A

muscular layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

serous membrane

A

serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

whats labeled A

A

mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

whats labeled B

A

submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

whats labeled C

A

muscular layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

whats labeled D

A

serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

whats labeled E

A

myenteric neural plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

whats labeled F

A

circular fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  • longitudinal muscle
  • circular muscle
A

peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

involved with mechanical digestion; churn; no propulsion; only circular

A

segmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
A

segmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
A

peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

whats labeled A

A

oral cavity
- stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

whats labeled B

A

pharynx
- stratified squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

whats labeled C

A

esophagus
- stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

whats labeled E

A

stomach
- stratified squamous eputhelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

whats labeled F

A

small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

whats labeled G

A

large intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

whats labeled H

A

salivary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

whats labeled I

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

whats labeled J

A

gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

whats labeled K

A

pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

serosal membrane
- visceral
- parietal

A

peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

double peritoneal membranes w/ areolar tissue in between
- support organs
- vasculature, lymphatic, nervous connections

A

mesenteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

whats labeled A

A

transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

whats labeled B

A

ascending colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

whats labeled C

A

mesentery proper (mesenterial sheet)

44
Q

whats labeled D

A

descending colon

45
Q

whats labeled E

A

sigmoid colon

46
Q
  • sensory analysis of food
  • mechanical digestion
  • chemical digestion
  • lubrication of food
A

oral cavity

47
Q

whats labeled A

A

openings of submandibular ducts

48
Q

whats labeled B

A

frenulum of tongue

49
Q

whats labeled C

A

frenulum of upper lip

50
Q

whats labeled A

A

opening of parotid duct

51
Q

whats labeled B

A

dorsum of tongue

52
Q

whats labeled C

A

pharyngeal tonsil

53
Q

whats labeled D

A

nasopharynx

54
Q

whats labeled E

A

uvula

55
Q

whats labeled F

A

lingual tonsil

56
Q

whats labeled G

A

epiglottis

57
Q

whats labeled H

A

laryngopharynx

58
Q

whats labeled A

A

sublingual gland

59
Q

whats labeled B

A

submandibular gland

60
Q

whats labeled C

A

parotid gland

61
Q

mucin based mixture

A

saliva

62
Q

beginning of chemical digestion

A

enzymes

63
Q

breaks starch & glycogen into maltose

A

salivary amylases

64
Q

breaks down fats

A

lingual lipase

65
Q

whats labeled A

A

crown

66
Q

whats labeled B

A

enamel

67
Q

whats labeled C

A

dentine

68
Q

whats labeled D

A

pulp cavity

69
Q

whats labeled E

A

gingiva

70
Q

whats labeled F

A

alveolar process

71
Q

whats labeled A

A

temporalis

72
Q

whats labeled B

A

masseter

73
Q

whats labeled C

A

capsule of temporomandibular joint

74
Q

whats labeled A

A

lateral pterygoid

75
Q

whats labeled B

A

medial pterygoid

76
Q

general tongue movement

A

extrinsic tongue muscles

77
Q

movements associated with speech

A

intrinsic tongue muscles

78
Q

whats labeled A

A

styloglossus

79
Q

whats labeled B

A

genloglossus

80
Q

whats labeled C

A

hyoglossus

81
Q

swallowing

A

deglutition

82
Q

voluntary, deglutition can be initiated by bolus reaching oropharynx
- bolus at hard palate
- tongue retracts

A

buccal

83
Q
A

1) buccal phase

84
Q

involuntary
- larynx elevation (closes epiglottis)
- pharyngeal muscles squeeze bolus to esophagus

A

pharyngeal

85
Q
A

2) pharyngeal phase

86
Q

involuntary
bolus movement down esophagus via peristalsis
- opening of upper esophageal sphincter (skel)
- esophagus
- opening of lower esophageal spincter (smooth)
- stomach

A

esophageal

87
Q
A

3) esophageal phase

88
Q

Opening in diaphragm that esophagus travels through

A

esophageal hiatus

89
Q

whats labeled A

A

muscularis mucosae

90
Q

whats labeled B

A

mucosa

91
Q

whats labeled C

A

submucosa

92
Q

whats labeled D

A

muscular layer

93
Q

whats labeled E

A

adventitia

94
Q

whats labeled F

A

the esophagus
(does not have serosa)

95
Q
A

peristalsis

96
Q
  • stores ingesta
  • first site of significant chemical digestion: pepsin; low pH
  • mechanical digestion
  • formation of chyme
A

stomach

97
Q

whats labeled A

A

longitudinal muscle layer

98
Q

whats labeled B

A

circular muscle layer

99
Q

whats labeled C

A

oblique muscle layer (overlying mucosa)

100
Q

gastric folds = ___

A

gastric rugae

101
Q
  • mucous
  • parietal
  • chief
  • enteroendocrine
A

gastric cells

102
Q

mucin

A

mucous

103
Q

HCl

A

parietal

104
Q

pepsinogen

A

chief

105
Q

hormones
- G: gastrin; stimulates parietal cells

A

enteroendocrine

ANATOMY (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions