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ANATOMY > Anatomy lecture- exam 2 (ch. 8) > Flashcards

Anatomy lecture- exam 2 (ch. 8) Flashcards

1
Q

where two bones meet

A

joint

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2
Q
  • fluid
  • cartilage
  • fibrous
A

types of joint tissue

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3
Q

joints w/ no movement

A

synarthrosis

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4
Q
  • suture
  • gomphosis
  • synchondrosis
    -synostosis
A

synarthrosis

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5
Q

joints w/ some movement

A

amphiarthrosis

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6
Q
  • syndesmosis
  • symphysis
A

amphiarthrosis

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7
Q

free movement

A

diarthrosis (synovial)

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8
Q

synovial joint components

A
  • accessory structures
  • blood vessels
  • nerves
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9
Q
  • lubricates articular cartilage & reduces friction
  • nourishes chondrocytes of articular cartilages
  • acts as a shock absorber
A

functions of synovial fluid

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10
Q

whats labeled A

A

fibrous joint capsule

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11
Q

whats labeled B

A

synovial membrane

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12
Q

whats labeled C

A

articular cartilages

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13
Q

whats labeled D

A

joint cavity containing synovial fluid

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14
Q

accessory structures of a knee joint

A
  • bursa
  • fat pad
  • meniscus
  • ligaments
  • tendons
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15
Q

tiny pockets of synovial fluid (water balloon)

A

Bursa
- labeled A

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16
Q

below patella for support

A

fat pad
- labeled B

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17
Q

crescent shape of connective tissue that provides additional support

A

meniscus
- labeled C

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18
Q

anterior-posterior axis

A

frontal plane

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19
Q

superior-inferior axis

A

transverse plane

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20
Q

lateral-medial axis

A

sagittal plane

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21
Q

joints can be

A
  • monaxial
  • biaxial
  • triaxial
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22
Q
  • monaxial
  • slight linear motion
A

plane joint

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23
Q
  • monaxial
  • rotation
A

pivot joint

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24
Q
  • biaxial
  • angular motion
A

saddle joint

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25
Q
  • monaxial
  • angular motion
A

hinge joint

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26
Q
  • biaxial
  • angular motion
A

condylar joint

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27
Q
  • triaxial
  • angular motion, circumduction, rotation
A

ball-and-socket joint

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28
Q

towards longitudinal axis

A

adduction

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29
Q

away from longitudinal axis

A

abduction

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30
Q
  • abduction
  • adduction
  • flexion
  • extension
A

angular motion

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31
Q

what type of angular motion is in the frontal plane; lateral/medial

A

abduction & adduction (plane)

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32
Q
  • decreases the angle between bones
  • “bends forward”
A

flexion

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33
Q
  • increases angle between bones
  • “bends backward”
A

extension

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34
Q

hyper extension/ flexion means

A

beyond normal limits

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35
Q

what type of angular motion is in the anterior/ posterior plane

A

flexion & extension (plane)

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36
Q
  • R/L head rotation
  • lateral (external) rotation
  • medial (internal) rotation
  • supination/ pronation
A

types of rotation

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37
Q

turning outward; turning inward

a kind of special movement

A

eversion/ inversion

38
Q

foot up; foot down

a kind of special movement

A

dorsiflexion/ plantar flexion

39
Q

vertebral col. bends

a kind of special movement

A

lateral flexion

40
Q

posterior/ anterior

a kind of special movement

A

retraction/ protraction

41
Q

opposition/ reposition (back to normal)

a kind of special movement

42
Q

inferior/ superior

a kind of special movement

A

depression/ elevation

43
Q
  • inversion/eversion
  • dorsiflexion/plantar flexion
  • lateral flexion
  • protraction/retraction
  • opposition/reposition
  • depression/elevation
A

special movements

44
Q
  • 2 synovial cavities in same space
  • very loose
  • allows for chewing
  • plane & hinge
A

TMJ (temporomandibular joint)

45
Q

what is labeled A

A

lateral ligament

46
Q

what is labeled B

A

sphenomandibular ligament

47
Q

what is labeled C

A

stylomandibular ligament

48
Q

articular processes between vertebrae

A

zygapophysial joints

49
Q

Intervertebral ligaments limiting flexion are ____

A
  • ligamentum flavum
  • posterior longitudinal ligament
50
Q

Intervertebral ligament limiting extension are ____

A

anterior longitudinal ligament

51
Q

Intervertebral ligaments limiting rotation & lateral flexion are ____

A
  • interspinous ligament
  • supraspinous ligament
52
Q
  • vertebral endplate
  • anulus fibrosus
  • nucleus pulposus

these are all called what?

A

intervertebral Disc

53
Q

whats labeled A

A

vertebral endplate

54
Q

whats labeled B

A

anulus fibrosus

55
Q

whats labeled C

A

nucleus pulposus

56
Q

only joint for axial & upper appendicular
- two synovial cavities
- two plane joints

A

sternoclavicular joint

57
Q
  • ball & socket
  • greatest range of motion
  • triaxial
  • weakest joint & most motion
A

glenohumeral joint

58
Q

whats labeled A & what bone does it connect

A

coraco-acromial ligament
- connects acromion & coracoid process together

59
Q

whats labeled B & what bones does it connect

A

coracoclavicular ligaments
- connects clavicle & coracoid process together

60
Q

whats labeled C

A

glenohumeral ligaments

61
Q

whats labeled A

A

subacromial bursa

62
Q

whats labeled B

A

subcoracoid bursa

63
Q

whats labeled C

A

subscapular bursa

64
Q

whats labeled D

A

glenohumeral ligaments

65
Q

whats labeled E

A

glenoid labrum (covers edge of glenoid cavity)

66
Q

whats labeled A

A

subdeltoid bursa

67
Q

whats labeled B

A

synovial membrane

68
Q

3 joints within one capsule
- 2 hinge joints: flexion/extension
- 1 pivot joint: proximal radio-ulnar

A

elbow joint

69
Q
  • humero-ulnar
  • humeroradial
A

2 hinge joints of elbow

70
Q
  • strongest
  • trochlea & trochlear notch
A

humero-ulnar joint

71
Q
  • more flexible
  • capitulum & head of radius
A

humeroradial joint

72
Q

the proximal & distal radio-ulnar joints are ______ joints & allow for ______

A

pivot; rotation

73
Q

head of radius & radial notch of ulna

A

proximal radio-ulnar joint

74
Q

annular & quadrate ligaments

A

stabilize proximal joint

75
Q

ulnar notch of radius & head of ulna
- always for supination/ pronation

A

distal radio-ulnar joint

76
Q

radio-ulnar ligament & interosseous membrane

A

stabilize distal joint

77
Q

radiocarpal joint & intercarpal joints

A

wrist joint

78
Q
  • intercarpal joints
  • carpometacarpal joint of little finger
A

plane joints of wrist

79
Q

carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
- flex/ ext; add/ abd; opposition; circum

A

saddle joint of wrist

80
Q
  • radiocarpal joint
  • flex/ ext; add/ abd; circumduction
A

condylar joint of wrist

81
Q

whats labeled A

A

radiocarpal joint

82
Q

whats labeled B

A

carpometacarpal joint of thumb

83
Q

whats labeled C

A

intercarpal joints

84
Q

whats labeled D

A

carpometacarpal joint of little finger

85
Q

ball-&-socket
- fat pad absorbs shock

A

femur joint

86
Q

whats labeled A

A

iliofemoral ligament

87
Q

whats labeled B

A

Ischiofemoral ligament

88
Q
  • works as a hinge joint
  • ligaments, menisci, tendons, bursa, & fat pad all stabilize this joint
A

knee joint

89
Q

knee ligaments prevent

A
  • hyperextension or hyperflexion
  • extensive add/abd
90
Q

allow locking/unlocking of knee
- stand for long periods

A

cruciate ligaments

91
Q
  • shock absorbers
  • lateral stability
  • increase surface area of joint
  • changes shape to support articular surface
A

medial & lateral menisci

92
Q

locks knee in extended position

A

anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

ANATOMY (24 decks)

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