Anatomy lecture- exam 2 (ch. 8) Flashcards
1
Q
where two bones meet
A
joint
2
Q
- fluid
- cartilage
- fibrous
A
types of joint tissue
3
Q
joints w/ no movement
A
synarthrosis
4
Q
- suture
- gomphosis
- synchondrosis
-synostosis
A
synarthrosis
5
Q
joints w/ some movement
A
amphiarthrosis
6
Q
- syndesmosis
- symphysis
A
amphiarthrosis
7
Q
free movement
A
diarthrosis (synovial)
8
Q
synovial joint components
A
- accessory structures
- blood vessels
- nerves
9
Q
- lubricates articular cartilage & reduces friction
- nourishes chondrocytes of articular cartilages
- acts as a shock absorber
A
functions of synovial fluid
10
Q
whats labeled A
A
fibrous joint capsule
11
Q
whats labeled B
A
synovial membrane
12
Q
whats labeled C
A
articular cartilages
13
Q
whats labeled D
A
joint cavity containing synovial fluid
14
Q
accessory structures of a knee joint
A
- bursa
- fat pad
- meniscus
- ligaments
- tendons
15
Q
tiny pockets of synovial fluid (water balloon)
A
Bursa
- labeled A
16
Q
below patella for support
A
fat pad
- labeled B
17
Q
crescent shape of connective tissue that provides additional support
A
meniscus
- labeled C
18
Q
anterior-posterior axis
A
frontal plane
19
Q
superior-inferior axis
A
transverse plane
20
Q
lateral-medial axis
A
sagittal plane
21
Q
joints can be
A
- monaxial
- biaxial
- triaxial
22
Q
- monaxial
- slight linear motion
A
plane joint
23
Q
- monaxial
- rotation
A
pivot joint
24
Q
- biaxial
- angular motion
A
saddle joint
25
- monaxial
- angular motion
hinge joint
26
- biaxial
- angular motion
condylar joint
27
- triaxial
- angular motion, circumduction, rotation
ball-and-socket joint
28
towards longitudinal axis
adduction
29
away from longitudinal axis
abduction
30
- abduction
- adduction
- flexion
- extension
angular motion
31
what type of angular motion is in the frontal plane; lateral/medial
abduction & adduction (plane)
32
- decreases the angle between bones
- "bends forward"
flexion
33
- increases angle between bones
- "bends backward"
extension
34
hyper extension/ flexion means
beyond normal limits
35
what type of angular motion is in the anterior/ posterior plane
flexion & extension (plane)
36
- R/L head rotation
- lateral (external) rotation
- medial (internal) rotation
- supination/ pronation
types of rotation
37
turning outward; turning inward
a kind of special movement
eversion/ inversion
38
foot up; foot down
a kind of special movement
dorsiflexion/ plantar flexion
39
vertebral col. bends
a kind of special movement
lateral flexion
40
posterior/ anterior
a kind of special movement
retraction/ protraction
41
opposition/ reposition (back to normal)
a kind of special movement
42
inferior/ superior
a kind of special movement
depression/ elevation
43
- inversion/eversion
- dorsiflexion/plantar flexion
- lateral flexion
- protraction/retraction
- opposition/reposition
- depression/elevation
special movements
44
- 2 synovial cavities in same space
- very loose
- allows for chewing
- plane & hinge
TMJ (temporomandibular joint)
45
what is labeled A
lateral ligament
46
what is labeled B
sphenomandibular ligament
47
what is labeled C
stylomandibular ligament
48
articular processes between vertebrae
zygapophysial joints
49
Intervertebral ligaments limiting flexion are ____
- ligamentum flavum
- posterior longitudinal ligament
50
Intervertebral ligament limiting extension are ____
anterior longitudinal ligament
51
Intervertebral ligaments limiting rotation & lateral flexion are ____
- interspinous ligament
- supraspinous ligament
52
- vertebral endplate
- anulus fibrosus
- nucleus pulposus
these are all called what?
intervertebral Disc
53
whats labeled A
vertebral endplate
54
whats labeled B
anulus fibrosus
55
whats labeled C
nucleus pulposus
56
only joint for axial & upper appendicular
- two synovial cavities
- two plane joints
sternoclavicular joint
57
- ball & socket
- greatest range of motion
- triaxial
- weakest joint & most motion
glenohumeral joint
58
whats labeled A & what bone does it connect
coraco-acromial ligament
- connects acromion & coracoid process together
59
whats labeled B & what bones does it connect
coracoclavicular ligaments
- connects clavicle & coracoid process together
60
whats labeled C
glenohumeral ligaments
61
whats labeled A
subacromial bursa
62
whats labeled B
subcoracoid bursa
63
whats labeled C
subscapular bursa
64
whats labeled D
glenohumeral ligaments
65
whats labeled E
glenoid labrum (covers edge of glenoid cavity)
66
whats labeled A
subdeltoid bursa
67
whats labeled B
synovial membrane
68
3 joints within one capsule
- 2 hinge joints: flexion/extension
- 1 pivot joint: proximal radio-ulnar
elbow joint
69
- humero-ulnar
- humeroradial
2 hinge joints of elbow
70
- strongest
- trochlea & trochlear notch
humero-ulnar joint
71
- more flexible
- capitulum & head of radius
humeroradial joint
72
the proximal & distal radio-ulnar joints are ______ joints & allow for ______
pivot; rotation
73
head of radius & radial notch of ulna
proximal radio-ulnar joint
74
annular & quadrate ligaments
stabilize proximal joint
75
ulnar notch of radius & head of ulna
- always for supination/ pronation
distal radio-ulnar joint
76
radio-ulnar ligament & interosseous membrane
stabilize distal joint
77
radiocarpal joint & intercarpal joints
wrist joint
78
- intercarpal joints
- carpometacarpal joint of little finger
plane joints of wrist
79
carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
- flex/ ext; add/ abd; opposition; circum
saddle joint of wrist
80
- radiocarpal joint
- flex/ ext; add/ abd; circumduction
condylar joint of wrist
81
whats labeled A
radiocarpal joint
82
whats labeled B
carpometacarpal joint of thumb
83
whats labeled C
intercarpal joints
84
whats labeled D
carpometacarpal joint of little finger
85
ball-&-socket
- fat pad absorbs shock
femur joint
86
whats labeled A
iliofemoral ligament
87
whats labeled B
Ischiofemoral ligament
88
- works as a hinge joint
- ligaments, menisci, tendons, bursa, & fat pad all stabilize this joint
knee joint
89
knee ligaments prevent
- hyperextension or hyperflexion
- extensive add/abd
90
allow locking/unlocking of knee
- stand for long periods
cruciate ligaments
91
- shock absorbers
- lateral stability
- increase surface area of joint
- changes shape to support articular surface
medial & lateral menisci
92
locks knee in extended position
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
