LECTURE exam 3- ch. 20 Flashcards
- O2 & CO2
- nutrients
- metabolic wastes
- enzymes
- hormones
- leukocytes & antibodies
- toxins for neutralization or excretion
blood transport
- pH of interstitial fluid
- ions of interstitial fluid
blood regulates
- transport
- regulate
- reduce/stop body fluid loss from injury; clotting
- aid in temp regulation
functions of blood
- plasma
- buffy coat
- erythrocytes
blood composition
thrombocytes (platelets) & leukocytes (WBC)
buffy coat
outside of cells
- interstitial fluid
- plasma
- other fluid
extracellular fluid
fluid portion of blood
plasma (definition)
lymph, cerebrospinal, synovial, serous, etc.
other fluid
- albumins (60%)
- globulins (35%)
- fibrinogen (4%)
- regulatory proteins (< 1%)
plasma proteins
- higher O2
- lower CO2
-higher dissolved [protein]
plasma
- lower O2
- higher CO2
- lower dissolved [protein]
interstitial fluid
transport fatty acids, steroid hormones, & thyroid hormones
albumins (osmotic)
- immunoglobins
- transport globulins
globulins (defense)
forms blood clots by converting to fibrin
- serum
- anticoagulants
fibrinogen (clotting)
blood w/ clotting proteins removed
serum
compounds that prevent fibrin formation
anticoagulants
enzymes, proenzymes, hormones
other regulatory proteins (<1%)
immunoglobulins
antibodies
transport globulins
transport hormones, lipids, & ions
% of blood sample volume made of erythrocytes
hematocrit
- anemia
- blood loss
- micronutrient deficiency
- chronic infection
low hematocrit
- dehydration
- polycythemia
- lung/heart disease
high hematocrit
- biconcave disc
- anucleate
- no mitochondria
- lacks ER & ribosomes
- contain hemoglobin
erythrocytes (RBC)
lifespan of RBC
120 days
____% of circulating erythrocytes are replaced daily
1
stacking of RBC
rouleaux formation
_____ is the respiratory pigment of RBCs
hemoglobin
where O2 & CO2 will bind to Hb
heme units
describes hemoglobin’s lower affinity for oxygen secondary to increases in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and/or decreased blood pH. This lower affinity, in turn, enhances the unloading of oxygen into tissues to meet the oxygen demand of the tissue.
bohr effect
Hb in RBCs allows for a _____ concentration of CO2 & O2 in blood
higher
CO2 & O2 are also dissolved in plasma but at much ____ concentrations
lower
bohr effect:
_____ pH, Hb release O2
decreased
bohr effect:
_____ pH, Hb take up O2
increased
changes in Hb O2 affinity due to pH changes
bohr effect (definition)
0 to 6 (pH)
acids