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ANATOMY > lecture exam 4- Ch. 24 > Flashcards

lecture exam 4- Ch. 24 Flashcards

1
Q
  • gas exchange between air & blood
  • assists in regulation of blood volume, blood pressure, & body fluid pH
A

respiratory system

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2
Q

1) pulmonary ventilation
2) external respiration
3) transport of gases
4) internal respiration

A

4 stages of breathing

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3
Q

tide-like movements of air into & out of lungs

A

pulmonary ventilation

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4
Q
  • gases diffuse from air in lungs into blood through alveoli & capillary beds
  • blood gains O2 & dumps CO2
A

external respiration

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5
Q

blood circulates throughout body

A

transport of gases

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6
Q
  • gases flow into & out of body tissues & are exchanged with circulatory system
  • blood gains CO2 & dumps O2
A

internal respiration

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7
Q

whats labeled A

A

nasal conchae

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8
Q

whats labeled B

A

nasal cavity

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9
Q

whats labeled C

A

nasopharynx

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10
Q

whats labeled D

A

larynx

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11
Q

whats labeled E

A

trachea

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12
Q

whats labeled F

A

bronchi

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13
Q

whats labeled G

A

esophagus

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14
Q

not in pharynx, smaller bronchi, or alveoli
- cilia move mucous up to pharynx

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells

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15
Q

pharynx
- nonkeratinized, protects against abrasion

A

stratified squamous cells

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16
Q

nasal cavity, sinuses, lower respiratory tract
- mucous will trap debris; keep surfaces moist

A

mucous-producing cells

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17
Q

in alveoli
- produce surfactant; allow for gas diffusion

A

simple squamous

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18
Q

hairs in nose block some inhaled debris

A

vibrissae

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19
Q

nasal conchae & paranasal sinuses
- produces mucus to trap inhaled debris; sneezing will remove this debris
- incurrent air is also warmed & humidified

A

nasal cavity

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20
Q

respiratory epithelium mucus will trap inhaled debris
- ____ : moves debris upward toward pharynx
- coughing or swallowing will remove this debris

A

mucociliary escalator

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21
Q

whats labeled A

A

major alar cartilage

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22
Q

whats labeled B

A

minor alar cartilage

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23
Q
  • produce mucus
  • resonate sound
  • lighten skull
  • humidifies air
A

sinuses

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24
Q

whats labeled A

A

frontal sinus

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25
Q

whats labeled B

A

ethmoid air cells

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26
Q

whats labeled C

A

sphenoidal sinus

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27
Q

whats labeled D

A

maxillary sinus

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28
Q

whats labeled A

A

posterior nasal apertures

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29
Q

whats labeled B

A

nasopharynx

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30
Q

whats labeled C

A

oropharynx

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31
Q

whats labeled D

A

laryngopharynx

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32
Q

whats labeled E

A

superior nasal conchae

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33
Q

whats labeled F

A

inferior nasal conchae

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34
Q

whats labeled G

A

nasal vestibule

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35
Q

whats labeled H

A

hard palate

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36
Q

move vocal fold / O&C glottis

A

intrinsic laryngeal muscles

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37
Q

stabilize larynx

A

extrinsic laryngeal muscles

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38
Q

protect vocal ligaments

A

vestibular ligaments

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39
Q

involved with making noises

A

vocal ligaments

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40
Q

whats labeled A

A

epiglottis

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41
Q

whats labeled B

A

corniculate cartilage

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42
Q

whats labeled C

A

arytenoid cartilage

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43
Q

whats labeled A

A

corniculate cartilage

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44
Q

whats labeled B

A

arytenoid cartilage

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45
Q

whats labeled A

A

vestibular fold

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46
Q

whats labeled B

A

vocal fold

47
Q

whats labeled C

A

epiglottis

48
Q

whats labeled D

A

glottis (closed)

49
Q

whats labeled E

A

glottis (open)

50
Q

whats labeled F

A

vocal fold

51
Q

whats labeled G

A

vestibular fold

52
Q

whats labeled H

A

epiglottis

53
Q

vocal fold = ____

A

vocal cord

54
Q

tongue forces compacted bolus into oropharynx

A

buccal phase

55
Q

laryngeal movement folds epiglottis; pharyngeal muscles push bolus into esophagus

A

pharyngeal phase

56
Q

bolus moves along esophagus; larynx returns to normal position

A

esophageal phase

57
Q
  • “C” shaped
  • hyaline cartilage
A

tracheal rings

58
Q

constrict rings; posterior “gap” in rings

A

trachealis muscle

59
Q

no gas exchange until ______

A

respiratory bronchioles

60
Q

whats labeled A

A

larynx

61
Q

whats labeled B

A

esophagus

62
Q

whats labeled C

A

tracheal cartilage

63
Q

whats labeled D

A

trachea

64
Q

whats labeled E

A

tracheal cartilages

65
Q

whats labeled F

A

carina of trachea

66
Q

whats labeled G

A

main bronchi

67
Q

whats labeled H

A

middle lobar bronchus

68
Q

whats labeled I

A

3 lobar (secondary) bronchus

69
Q

whats labeled J

A

superior lobar bronchus

70
Q

whats labeled A

A

main bronchus

71
Q

whats labeled B

A

inferior lobar (secondary) bronchus

72
Q

whats labeled C

A

cartilage plates

73
Q

whats labeled D

A

superior lobar (secondary) bronchus

74
Q

whats labeled E

A

segmental (or tertiary) bronchi

75
Q

whats labeled A

A

pulmonary arteries

76
Q

whats labeled B

A

middle lobar bronchus

77
Q

whats labeled C

A

superior lobar bronchus

78
Q

whats labeled D

A

inferior lobar bronchus

79
Q

bronchopulmonary segments: fed by a ______

A

tertiary bronchus

80
Q

Pulmonary circuit:

  • veins carry O2 ___blood
  • arteries carry O2 ___ blood
A

rich; poor

81
Q

whats labeled A

A

terminal bronchiole

82
Q

whats labeled B

A

respiratory bronchiole

83
Q

whats labeled C

A

alveoli in a pulmonary lobule

84
Q

whats labeled A

A

smooth muscle

85
Q

whats labeled B

A

respiratory epithelium

86
Q

whats labeled A

A

alveoli

87
Q

whats labeled B

A

alveolar sac

88
Q

whats labeled C

A

alveolar duct

89
Q

whats labeled D

A

capillary beds

90
Q

whats labeled E

A

lymphatic vessel

91
Q

whats labeled F

A

branch of pulmonary vein

92
Q

whats labeled A

A

fused basement membrane

93
Q

whats labeled B

A

alveolar cell layer

94
Q

whats labeled C

A

surfactant

95
Q

whats labeled D

A

capillary lumen

96
Q

whats labeled E

A

endothelium

97
Q
  • alveolar cells
  • basement membrane
  • capillary endothelium
A

blood air barrier

98
Q

“normal” inhalation/exhalation
- exhalation is not forced
- tidal volume is variable, based on many parameters (activity, posture)

A

tidal breath

99
Q

whats labeled A

A

sternocleidomastoid

100
Q

whats labeled B

A

scalenes

101
Q

whats labeled C

A

pectoralis minor

102
Q

whats labeled D

A

serratus anterior

103
Q

whats labeled E

A

diaphragm

104
Q

whats labeled F

A

external intercostals

105
Q

whats labeled G

A

internal intercostals

106
Q

whats labeled H

A

transversus thoracis

107
Q

whats labeled I

A

external oblique

108
Q

whats labeled J

A

rectus abdominis

109
Q

whats labeled K

A

internal oblique

110
Q

inhalation = _____

A

inspiration

111
Q

inhalation is always an ___ process; it requires ___, ATP

A

active; energy

112
Q

exhalation = ___

A

expiration

113
Q
  • forced exhalation requires ____, ATP
  • tidal exhalation is ____ does not use energy
A

energy; passive

114
Q

arterial stretch receptors

A

baroreceptors

ANATOMY (24 decks)

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