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ANATOMY > lecture exam 4- Ch. 24 > Flashcards

lecture exam 4- Ch. 24 Flashcards

1
Q
  • gas exchange between air & blood
  • assists in regulation of blood volume, blood pressure, & body fluid pH
A

respiratory system

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2
Q

1) pulmonary ventilation
2) external respiration
3) transport of gases
4) internal respiration

A

4 stages of breathing

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3
Q

tide-like movements of air into & out of lungs

A

pulmonary ventilation

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4
Q
  • gases diffuse from air in lungs into blood through alveoli & capillary beds
  • blood gains O2 & dumps CO2
A

external respiration

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5
Q

blood circulates throughout body

A

transport of gases

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6
Q
  • gases flow into & out of body tissues & are exchanged with circulatory system
  • blood gains CO2 & dumps O2
A

internal respiration

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7
Q

whats labeled A

A

nasal conchae

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8
Q

whats labeled B

A

nasal cavity

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9
Q

whats labeled C

A

nasopharynx

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10
Q

whats labeled D

A

larynx

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11
Q

whats labeled E

A

trachea

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12
Q

whats labeled F

A

bronchi

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13
Q

whats labeled G

A

esophagus

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14
Q

not in pharynx, smaller bronchi, or alveoli
- cilia move mucous up to pharynx

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells

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15
Q

pharynx
- nonkeratinized, protects against abrasion

A

stratified squamous cells

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16
Q

nasal cavity, sinuses, lower respiratory tract
- mucous will trap debris; keep surfaces moist

A

mucous-producing cells

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17
Q

in alveoli
- produce surfactant; allow for gas diffusion

A

simple squamous

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18
Q

hairs in nose block some inhaled debris

A

vibrissae

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19
Q

nasal conchae & paranasal sinuses
- produces mucus to trap inhaled debris; sneezing will remove this debris
- incurrent air is also warmed & humidified

A

nasal cavity

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20
Q

respiratory epithelium mucus will trap inhaled debris
- ____ : moves debris upward toward pharynx
- coughing or swallowing will remove this debris

A

mucociliary escalator

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21
Q

whats labeled A

A

major alar cartilage

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22
Q

whats labeled B

A

minor alar cartilage

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23
Q
  • produce mucus
  • resonate sound
  • lighten skull
  • humidifies air
A

sinuses

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24
Q

whats labeled A

A

frontal sinus

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25
whats labeled B
ethmoid air cells
26
whats labeled C
sphenoidal sinus
27
whats labeled D
maxillary sinus
28
whats labeled A
posterior nasal apertures
29
whats labeled B
nasopharynx
30
whats labeled C
oropharynx
31
whats labeled D
laryngopharynx
32
whats labeled E
superior nasal conchae
33
whats labeled F
inferior nasal conchae
34
whats labeled G
nasal vestibule
35
whats labeled H
hard palate
36
move vocal fold / O&C glottis
intrinsic laryngeal muscles
37
stabilize larynx
extrinsic laryngeal muscles
38
protect vocal ligaments
vestibular ligaments
39
involved with making noises
vocal ligaments
40
whats labeled A
epiglottis
41
whats labeled B
corniculate cartilage
42
whats labeled C
arytenoid cartilage
43
whats labeled A
corniculate cartilage
44
whats labeled B
arytenoid cartilage
45
whats labeled A
vestibular fold
46
whats labeled B
vocal fold
47
whats labeled C
epiglottis
48
whats labeled D
glottis (closed)
49
whats labeled E
glottis (open)
50
whats labeled F
vocal fold
51
whats labeled G
vestibular fold
52
whats labeled H
epiglottis
53
vocal fold = ____
vocal cord
54
tongue forces compacted bolus into oropharynx
buccal phase
55
laryngeal movement folds epiglottis; pharyngeal muscles push bolus into esophagus
pharyngeal phase
56
bolus moves along esophagus; larynx returns to normal position
esophageal phase
57
- "C" shaped - hyaline cartilage
tracheal rings
58
constrict rings; posterior "gap" in rings
trachealis muscle
59
no gas exchange until ______
respiratory bronchioles
60
whats labeled A
larynx
61
whats labeled B
esophagus
62
whats labeled C
tracheal cartilage
63
whats labeled D
trachea
64
whats labeled E
tracheal cartilages
65
whats labeled F
carina of trachea
66
whats labeled G
main bronchi
67
whats labeled H
middle lobar bronchus
68
whats labeled I
3 lobar (secondary) bronchus
69
whats labeled J
superior lobar bronchus
70
whats labeled A
main bronchus
71
whats labeled B
inferior lobar (secondary) bronchus
72
whats labeled C
cartilage plates
73
whats labeled D
superior lobar (secondary) bronchus
74
whats labeled E
segmental (or tertiary) bronchi
75
whats labeled A
pulmonary arteries
76
whats labeled B
middle lobar bronchus
77
whats labeled C
superior lobar bronchus
78
whats labeled D
inferior lobar bronchus
79
bronchopulmonary segments: fed by a ______
tertiary bronchus
80
Pulmonary circuit: - veins carry O2 ___blood - arteries carry O2 ___ blood
rich; poor
81
whats labeled A
terminal bronchiole
82
whats labeled B
respiratory bronchiole
83
whats labeled C
alveoli in a pulmonary lobule
84
whats labeled A
smooth muscle
85
whats labeled B
respiratory epithelium
86
whats labeled A
alveoli
87
whats labeled B
alveolar sac
88
whats labeled C
alveolar duct
89
whats labeled D
capillary beds
90
whats labeled E
lymphatic vessel
91
whats labeled F
branch of pulmonary vein
92
whats labeled A
fused basement membrane
93
whats labeled B
alveolar cell layer
94
whats labeled C
surfactant
95
whats labeled D
capillary lumen
96
whats labeled E
endothelium
97
- alveolar cells - basement membrane - capillary endothelium
blood air barrier
98
"normal" inhalation/exhalation - exhalation is not forced - tidal volume is variable, based on many parameters (activity, posture)
tidal breath
99
whats labeled A
sternocleidomastoid
100
whats labeled B
scalenes
101
whats labeled C
pectoralis minor
102
whats labeled D
serratus anterior
103
whats labeled E
diaphragm
104
whats labeled F
external intercostals
105
whats labeled G
internal intercostals
106
whats labeled H
transversus thoracis
107
whats labeled I
external oblique
108
whats labeled J
rectus abdominis
109
whats labeled K
internal oblique
110
inhalation = _____
inspiration
111
inhalation is always an ___ process; it requires ___, ATP
active; energy
112
exhalation = ___
expiration
113
- forced exhalation requires ____, ATP - tidal exhalation is ____ does not use energy
energy; passive
114
arterial stretch receptors
baroreceptors

ANATOMY (24 decks)

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