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ANATOMY > LECTURE exam 3- Ch.22 > Flashcards

LECTURE exam 3- Ch.22 Flashcards

1
Q

systemic circulation:
- arteries: O2 ____
- veins: O2 ____

A

rich; poor

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2
Q

pulmonary circulation:
- arteries: O2 ___
- veins: O2 ___

A

poor; rich

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3
Q

_______: walls have 3 layers (or tunica)
- adventitia
- media
- intima

A

arteries & veins

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4
Q

anchor blood vessels in place

A

adventitia
- labeled A

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5
Q

smooth muscle; used in vasoconstriction & vasodilation

A

media
- labeled B

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6
Q

endothelium of vessel

A

intima
- labeled C

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7
Q

most arteries & veins run ____ to each other

A

parallel

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8
Q

walls of arteries are ____ than veins

A

thicker

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9
Q

arteries have ____ smooth muscle than veins

A

more

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10
Q

arteries _____ their circular shape & veins typically ____ when cut

A

maintain; collapse

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11
Q
  • endothelial lining has pleated folds
  • thin elastic fibers in media
  • external elastic membrane surrounding media
  • internal elastic membrane surrounding intima
A

arteries only

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12
Q
  • endothelial lining is smooth
  • many have one-way valves to prevent backflow
A

veins only

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13
Q

a network of elastic fibers located between the intima and the media

A

internal elastic membrane

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14
Q

media is separated from the adventitia by the _____, a band of elastic tissue

A

external elastic membrane

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15
Q
  • elastic
  • muscular
  • arterioles
A

types of arteries

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16
Q
  • largest arteries ~1 inch
  • contain elastic membranes in media & intima
  • very resilient, tolerate pressure changes during cardiac cycle
  • recoil during diastole helps propel blood forward
  • examples: aorta / brachiocephalic trunk / pulmonary trunk
A

elastic arteries

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17
Q
  • medium sized ~ pencil
  • thicker media than elastic
  • vessel diameter under control of autonomic nervous system & hormones
  • examples: external carotid / brachial / femoral / mesentric
A

muscular arteries

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18
Q
  • smallest (microscopic, ~30 microns)
  • very thin adventitia
  • media may have incomplete smooth muscle layers
  • control blood flow b/w arteries & capillaries
A

arteriole

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19
Q
  • smallest of all vessels (~8 microns)
  • most delicate; lack adventitia & media
  • only vessels where material exchange occurs b/w blood & tissues/interstitial fluid
A

capillaries

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20
Q
  • continuous
  • fenestrated
  • sinusoids
A

types of capillaries

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21
Q
  • endothelial lining complete
  • most common
  • single cell lined
A

continuous capillaries

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22
Q

-endothelial lining not complete
-rapid fluid & solute diffusion

A

fenestrated capillaries

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23
Q

-flattened
-endothelial lining NOT complete
-pores & large gaps
-slow blood movement
-diffusion of very large solutes

A

sinusoid capillaries

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24
Q
  • Diffusion across endothelial cells
  • Diffusion through gaps between adjacent endothelial cells
  • Diffusion through pores
  • Vesicular transport
A

capillary exchange

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25
Q

nonpolar solutes; gasses; water via aquaporins

A

diffusion across endothelial cells (capillaries)

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26
Q

small solutes; water; large solutes (in sinusoids)

A

diffusion through gaps b/w adjacent endothelial cells (capillaries)

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27
Q

solutes; water

A

diffusion through pores (capillaries)

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28
Q

water; targeted molecules (bound & unbound)

A

vascular transport (capillaries)

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29
Q

mesh of capillaries; connecting arterioles with venules

A

capillary beds

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30
Q

come together to form arterial anastomosis

A

collateral arteries

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31
Q

allow multiple supply routes to capillary beds

A

arterial anastomosis

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32
Q

contracting or relaxing ____ ____ determines blood flow

A

smooth muscle

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33
Q

-Arteriovenous anastomoses
-Thoroughfare channels
-Metarterioles

A

control of capillary flow

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34
Q

regulate flow to capillary beds, can bypass a capillary bed

A

arteriovenous anastomosis

35
Q

regulate blood flow through capillaries; fairly consistent flow

A

thoroughfare channel

36
Q

precapillary sphincter

A

Metarterioles

37
Q
  • venules
  • medium-sized
  • large
A

types of veins

38
Q

-smallest of veins
-collect blood from capillaries
-lack or have thin tunica media
-very small amount of smooth muscle or none

A

venule

39
Q
  • adventitia is largest layer
  • contains elastic fibers & smooth muscle
  • one-way valves are present
  • found alongside muscular arteries
  • ex: radial, tibial, popliteal
A

medium-sized veins

40
Q

-blood returning to heart from lower extremities fight gravity
-many medium veins have valves
-valves compartmentalize blood in veins

A

venous valves

41
Q

blood in veins from lower extremities must ascend to heart; fight gravity

A

venous return

42
Q

-adventitia is the thickest layer & contains some smooth muscle
-intima & media are very thin
-no valves
-ex: Sup / Inf vena cava

A

large vein

43
Q

veins are ____ vessels
- act as blood reservoirs

A

capacitance

44
Q

_______ of veins shifts blood toward arterial side of circulation

A

venoconstriction

45
Q

Whats A

A

vertebral

46
Q

Whats B

A

right subclavian

47
Q

Whats C

A

brachiocephalic trunk

48
Q

Whats D

A

aortic arch

49
Q

Whats E

A

ascending aorta

50
Q

Whats F

A

celiac trunk

51
Q

Whats G

A

brachial

52
Q

Whats H

A

radial

53
Q

Whats I

A

ulnar

54
Q

Whats J

A

palmar arches

55
Q

Whats K

A

popliteal

56
Q

Whats L

A

posterior tibial

57
Q

Whats M

A

anterior tibial

58
Q

Whats N

A

fibular

59
Q

Whats O

A

plantar arch

60
Q

Whats P

A

right common carotid

61
Q

Whats Q

A

left common carotid

62
Q

Whats R

A

left subclavian

63
Q

Whats S

A

axillary

64
Q

Whats T

A

pulmonary trunk

65
Q

Whats U

A

descending aorta

66
Q

Whats V

A

diaphragm

67
Q

Whats W

A

renal

68
Q

Whats X

A

superior mesenteric

69
Q

Whats Y

A

gonadal

70
Q

Whats Z

A

inferior mesenteric

71
Q

Whats AA

A

common iliac

72
Q

Whats AB

A

internal iliac

73
Q

Whats AC

A

deep femoral

74
Q

Whats AD

A

femoral

75
Q

Whats AE

A

descending genicular

76
Q

Whats AF

A

dorsalis pedis

77
Q

whats A

A

brachiocephalic trunk

78
Q

whats B

A

aortic arch

79
Q

whats C

A

ascending aorta

80
Q

whats D

A

celiac trunk

81
Q

whats E

A

brachial

82
Q

whats F

A

axillary

83
Q

whats G

A

descending aorta

ANATOMY (24 decks)

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