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ANATOMY > Anatomy lecture- exam 1 (ch.3) > Flashcards

Anatomy lecture- exam 1 (ch.3) Flashcards

1
Q
  • covers exposed surfaces
  • lines internal passageways
  • produces glandular secretions
A

epithelial tissue

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2
Q
  • contracts to produce movements
  • includes skeletal, cardiac, & smooth
A

muscular tissue

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3
Q
  • fills internal spaces
  • provides structural support
  • store energy
A

connective tissue

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4
Q
  • carries info
    -conducts electrical impulses
A

neural tissue

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5
Q
  • one layer of cells
  • found in protected internal compartments of body
A

simple epithelium

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6
Q

-two or more layers of cells
-found where there is mechanical or chemical stresses

A

stratified epithelium

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7
Q

-mostly just one layer of cells
- cells with different shapes & sizes

A

pseudostratified

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8
Q

relatively flat “pancakes”

A

squamous epithelium

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9
Q
  • found in the lining of body cavities, and the lining of heart & blood vessels
  • reduces friction, absorbs & secretes
A

simple squamous epithelium

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10
Q
  • found on the surface of the skin
    -forms a physical barrier
A

stratified squamous epithelium

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11
Q

shaped like cubes

A

cuboidal

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12
Q
  • found in thyroid glands & renal tubules
  • secretion & absorption
A

simple cuboidal epithelium

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13
Q
  • found in ducts of sweat glands & mammary glands
  • secretion & absorption
A

stratified cuboidal epithelium

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14
Q

longer than wider; columns

A

columnar

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15
Q
  • found in the stomach, intestine, gallbladder, uterine tubes
  • high secretion & absorption; protection
A

simple columnar epithelium

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16
Q
  • found in the pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary glands, salivary glands
  • protection
A

stratified columnar epithelium

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17
Q
  • found in the urinary bladder, renal pelvis & ureters
  • permits expansion, recoil & “stretchy”
A

transitional epithelium

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18
Q

types of glands”

A

exocrine & endocrine

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19
Q

types of secretions

A
  • serous
  • mucous
  • mixed
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20
Q

ducts to an epithelial surface; body opening/space
- ex: sweat, saliva, mucus

A

exocrine

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21
Q

into ECF then to blood stream or lymph; hormones

A

endocrine

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22
Q

structure of ducts

A
  • simple: no branching
  • compound: repeated branches
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23
Q

product builds up and is released via exocytosis
- continuous, fastest secretion rate

A

eccrine secretion

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24
Q

vacuoles holding product release contents after apical portion is shed
- noncontinuous
- production in waves

A

apocrine secretion

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25
Q

lysis of entire cell, typically oily products, slowest production rate

A

holocrine secretion

26
Q

extracellular component of protein fibers & “ground substances”

A

matrix

27
Q
  • establishing body’s structural framework
  • transport fluid & dissolved materials
  • specialized cells & extracellular protein fibers
A

functions of connective tissue

28
Q

loose & dense

A

connective tissue proper

29
Q

high tensile strength (tendons & ligaments)

A

collagen fibers

30
Q

structural mesh within organs

A

reticular fibers

31
Q

protein called elastin; “rubbery”

A

elastic fibers

32
Q

“stuffing” of body
- found in lungs & within deep dermis of skin
- light connection that allows movement between skin & muscle

A

areolar tissue (loose)

33
Q
  • padding
  • white fat: energy storage
  • brown fat: thermogenesis (babies)
A

adipose tissue (loose)

34
Q

“structural sponge”
- matrix is the stiffest of loose CT
- found in liver, kidneys, spleen
- provides structural framework

A

reticular tissue (loose)

35
Q

high protein content gives rise to high tensile strength
- ligaments, tendons, aponeuroses
- firm attachment, reduces muscle friction, stability

A

dense regular

36
Q
  • organ sheaths
  • primary performance of skin (dermis)
  • provides strength & resist force
  • prevents organ overexpansion
A

dense irregular

37
Q

“rubbery”
- permits expansion/contraction, cushions shock
- found between vertebrae, vascular walls

A

elastic tissue (dense)

38
Q

blood & lymph

A

fluid connective tissue

39
Q
  • moves via cardiovascular system
A

blood

40
Q

erythrocytes (RBC)

A

gas transport (short life span)

41
Q

leukocytes (WBC)

A

immune function

42
Q

thrombocytes (platelets)

A

blood clotting

43
Q

plasma

A

matrix

44
Q
  • monitors for signs of infection
  • moves via the lymphatic system
A

lumph

45
Q

cartilage & bone

A

supporting connective tissue

46
Q
  • made of chondrocytes
  • cannot repair severe damages
  • NO vascular
A

cartilage

47
Q

lamellae (matrix)

A

mix of collagen fibers & calcium salts

48
Q

exterior, tubes of blood vessels running through matrix (hard)

A

compact bone

49
Q
  • interior, avascular
  • rings due to appositional growth
  • blood vessels not in matrix
A

spongy bone

50
Q
  • provides support but tolerates distortion w/o damage
  • most flexible cartilage
  • external ear, epiglottis, larynx
A

elastic cartilage

51
Q
  • firmest; strongest cartilage
  • resists compression
  • limits movement/ bone contact
  • around knee, intervertebral discs, within pelvis
A

fibrous cartilage

52
Q
  • tracheal rings
  • costal cartilage
  • joints
  • provides stiff but flexible support
  • reduce friction btw bony surfaces
A

hyaline cartilage

53
Q
  • supporting cells of neural tissue
  • can divide
A

neuroglia

54
Q
  • conducts electrical signals (AP)
  • longest cell in the body
  • Dendrite: receives stimuli
  • axon: transmits a signal; AP
A

neurons

55
Q

movement produced voluntarily or through reflex arcs
- multinucleate
- hypertrophic growth
- striated
- location: combined w/ CT & neural tissues
- movement, thermogenesis, organ protection, sphincter

A

skeletal muscle tissue

56
Q
  • branches’ “mesh”
  • scar tissue
  • found in the heart
  • circulates blood & maintains BP
A

cardiac muscle tissue

57
Q

myogenic or reflex arc-induced movement
- non-striated
- hyperplasic growth
- can replicate
- moves material through lumen by regulating diameter
- found in walls of blood vessels, digestive, urinary & reproductive organs

A

smooth muscle tissue

58
Q

watery fluid + enzymes
- lubrication

A

serous

59
Q

mucins (glycoprotein) + water
- sticky protection

A

mucous

60
Q

gland structure

A
  • unicellular
  • multicellular
61
Q

secretory cells secreting mucins
- mucous, goblet cells

A

unicellular

62
Q

secretory sheets/ clusters secreting mixed secretions
- duct cells + gland cells

A

multicellular

ANATOMY (24 decks)

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