Anatomy lecture- exam 1 (ch.3) COPY

Question 1

• covers exposed surfaces
• lines internal passageways
• produces glandular secretions

Answer 1

epithelial tissue

Question 2

• contracts to produce movements
• includes skeletal, cardiac, & smooth

Answer 2

muscular tissue

Question 3

• fills internal spaces
• provides structural support
• store energy

Answer 3

connective tissue

Question 4

• carries info
  -conducts electrical impulses

Answer 4

neural tissue

Question 5

• one layer of cells
• found in protected internal compartments of body

Answer 5

simple epithelium

Question 6

-two or more layers of cells
-found where there is mechanical or chemical stresses

Answer 6

stratified epithelium

Question 7

-mostly just one layer of cells
- cells with different shapes & sizes

Answer 7

pseudostratified

Question 8

relatively flat “pancakes”

Answer 8

squamous epithelium

Question 9

• found in the lining of body cavities, and the lining of heart & blood vessels
• reduces friction, absorbs & secretes

Answer 9

simple squamous epithelium

Question 10

• found on the surface of the skin
  -forms a physical barrier

Answer 10

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 11

shaped like cubes

Answer 11

cuboidal

Question 12

• found in thyroid glands & renal tubules
• secretion & absorption

Answer 12

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 13

• found in ducts of sweat glands & mammary glands
• secretion & absorption

Answer 13

stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 14

longer than wider; columns

Answer 14

columnar

Question 15

• found in the stomach, intestine, gallbladder, uterine tubes
• high secretion & absorption; protection

Answer 15

simple columnar epithelium

Question 16

• found in the pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary glands, salivary glands
• protection

Answer 16

stratified columnar epithelium

Question 17

• found in the urinary bladder, renal pelvis & ureters
• permits expansion, recoil & “stretchy”

Answer 17

transitional epithelium

Question 18

types of glands”

Answer 18

exocrine & endocrine

Question 19

types of exocrine glands

Answer 19

serous, mucous, mixed, multicellular, & unicellular

Question 20

ducts to an epithelial surface; body opening/space
- ex: sweat, saliva, mucus

Answer 20

exocrine

Question 21

into ECF then to blood stream or lymph; hormones

Answer 21

endocrine

Question 22

structure of ducts

Answer 22

• simple: no branching
• compound: repeated branches

Question 23

exocytosis, can be continuous, fastest secretion rate

Answer 23

eccrine secretion

Question 24

apical portion is shed, noncontinuous, production in waves

Answer 24

apocrine secretion

Question 25

lysis of entire cell, typically oily products, slowest production rate

Answer 25

holocrine secretion

Question 26

extracellular component of protein fibers & "ground substances"

Answer 26

matrix

Question 27

- establishing body's structural framework - transport fluid & dissolved materials - specialized cells & extracellular protein fibers

Answer 27

functions of connective tissue

Question 28

loose & dense

Answer 28

connective tissue proper

Question 29

high tensile strength (tendons & ligaments(

Answer 29

collagen fibers

Question 30

structural mesh within organs

Answer 30

reticular fibers

Question 31

protein called elastin; "rubbery"

Answer 31

elastic fibers

Question 32

"stuffing" of body - found in lungs & within deep dermis of skin - light connection that allows movement between skin & muscle

Answer 32

areolar tissue (loose)

Question 33

- padding - white fat: energy storage - brown fat: thermogenesis (babies)

Answer 33

adipose tissue (loose)

Question 34

"structural sponge" - matrix is the stiffest of loose CT - found in liver, kidneys, spleen - provides structural framework

Answer 34

reticular tissue (loose)

Question 35

- ligaments - tendons - aponeuroses - high tensile strength, firm attachment, reduces friction

Answer 35

dense regular

Question 36

- organ sheaths - primary performance of skin (dermis) - provides strength & resist force - prevents organ overexpansion

Answer 36

dense irregular

Question 37

"rubbery" - found between vertebrae of spinal column - ex: transitional epithelium

Answer 37

elastic tissue (dense)

Question 38

blood & lymph

Answer 38

fluid connective tissue

Question 39

- moves via cardiovascular system

Answer 39

blood

Question 40

erythrocytes (RBC)

Answer 40

gas transport (short life span)

Question 41

leukocytes (WBC)

Answer 41

immune function

Question 42

thrombocytes (platelets)

Answer 42

blood clotting

Question 43

plasma

Answer 43

matrix

Question 44

- monitors for signs of infection - moves via the lymphatic system

Answer 44

lumph

Question 45

cartilage & bone

Answer 45

supporting connective tissue

Question 46

- made of chondrocytes - cannot repair severe damages - NO vascular

Answer 46

cartilage

Question 47

lamellae (matrix)

Answer 47

mix of collagen fibers & calcium salts

Question 48

compact bone

Answer 48

blood vessels in matrix

Question 49

spongy bone

Answer 49

blood vessels not in matrix

Question 50

- found in the external ear - provides support but tolerates distortion w/o damage - MOST flexible cartilage

Answer 50

elastic cartilage

Question 51

- firmest; strongest cartilage - resists compression - prevents bone-to-bone contact - found in pads within knee joint; btw pubic bones of pelvis

Answer 51

fibrous cartilage

Question 52

- tracheal rings - costal cartilage - joints - provides stiff but flexible support - reduce friction btw bony surfaces

Answer 52

hyaline cartilage

Question 53

- supporting cells of neural tissue - can divide

Answer 53

neuroglia

Question 54

- conducts electrical signals (AP) - longest cell in the body - Dendrite: receives stimuli - axon: transmits a signal; AP

Answer 54

neurons

Question 55

- multinucleate - voluntary or reflex arch - location: combined w/ CT & neural tissues - protect internal organs - hypertrophy via mysoatellites

Answer 55

skeletal muscle tissue

Question 56

- branches' "mesh" - scar tissue - found in the heart - circulates blood & maintains BP

Answer 56

cardiac muscle tissue

Question 57

- non-striated - can replicate - reflex arch - found in walls of blood vessels, digestive, urinary & reproductive organs - function: move food

Answer 57

smooth muscle tissue