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ANATOMY > Anatomy lecture- exam 1 (ch.2) > Flashcards

Anatomy lecture- exam 1 (ch.2) Flashcards

1
Q

Frick’s first law of diffusion
J = ??

A

rate of diffusion

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2
Q

Frick’s first law of diffusion
A = ??

A

surface area for diffusion

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3
Q

Frick’s first law of diffusion equation

A
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4
Q

The movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy ex: simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

A

passive transport

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5
Q

uses ATP to move solutes against concentration gradient

A

active transport

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6
Q

A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes. “cell drinking”

A

pinocytosis

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7
Q

A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells “cell eating”

A

phagocytosis

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8
Q

packaging of extracellular materials into a vesicle (membrane-bound sac) for importation into the cell
- use ATP

A

endocytosis

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9
Q

the release of fluids and/or solids from cells when intracellular vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane
- uses ATP

A

exocytosis

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10
Q

cell to cell communication, structural support, adhesion, physical barrier, regulates exchange with extracellular fluid, senses stimuli

A

plasma membrane function

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11
Q
  • site of ATP synthesis
  • oxidative phosphorylation
A

mitochondria

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12
Q

Frick’s first law of diffusion
D = ??

A

diffusion coefficient

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13
Q

Frick’s first law of diffusion
ΔC = ??

A

difference in solute concentration

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14
Q

Frick’s first law of diffusion
ΔX = ??

A

diffusion distance, membrane thickness

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15
Q

mitochondrion & nucleus are

A

double-layered membranes

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16
Q

what organelle is this

A

mitochondria

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17
Q

double membrane enclosing nucleus, embedded with proteins
- nuclear pores

A

nuclear envelope

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18
Q
  • nucleoli: make ribosomes
    -chromatin: loose coils of chromosomes
A

nucleoplasm

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19
Q

synthesize proteins using RNA template
- free: float in cytoplasm
- attached/fixed: attached to endoplasmic reticulum

A

ribosomes

20
Q
  • increase SA
  • churn ECF
  • microfilament support
A

microvilli

21
Q

what structure

A

microvilli

22
Q
  • cell movement
  • made of microvilli
A

flagella

23
Q

intermediate filaments & microtubules

A

cytoskeleton

24
Q
  • anchor organelles
  • transport materials
A

intermediate filaments

25
Q
  • move organelles
  • churn ECF
  • cell movement
  • essential for mitosis
A

microtubules

26
Q
  • microvilli
  • free ribosomes
  • centriole
  • centrosome
  • fixed ribosome
  • cytoskeleton

are all___

A

nonmembranous organelles

27
Q

-mitochondria
-nucleus
-endoplasmic reticulum
-golgi apparatus
-lysosomes
-peroxisomes

A

membranous organelles

28
Q
  • high concentration of protein
  • large reserve of amino acids/ lipids
  • high intracellular concentration of potassium (-)
  • low intracellular concentration of sodium (+)
A

cytosol

29
Q
  • synthesis
    -storage
    -transport
    -detoxification
A

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

30
Q

cisternae + ribosomes
- synthesizes/ stores proteins
- proteins move via transport vesicles

A

rough ER

31
Q

cisternae
- synthesizes lipids, steroids & carbohydrates
-storage of Ca++
-detoxification of toxins

A

smooth ER

32
Q
  • synthesis & packaging of secretions
  • packaging of enzymes for use in cytosol
  • renewal & modification of cell membrane
A

golgi apparatus

33
Q

vesicle filled with digestive enzymes

A

lysosomes

34
Q

vesicle filled with “house keeping” enzymes
- oxidase (converts to hydrogen peroxide)
- catalase (converts to water)

A

peroxisome

35
Q
  • phospholipid bilayer
  • selective permeability
A

plasma membrane

36
Q

includes the cytosol & organelles

A

cytoplasm

37
Q
  • cell to cell communication, structural support, adhesion
  • regulates exchange w/ extracellular fluid
  • physical barrier
  • senses extracellular stimuli
A

plasma membrane

38
Q

structure of plasma membranes

A
  • phospholipids
  • proteins
  • glycolipids
  • sterols
39
Q

what type of intercellular connection is shown

A

Gap junctions

40
Q

what type of intercellular connection is shown

A

tight junctions

41
Q

what type of intercellular connection is shown

A

cell adhesion molecules

42
Q

what type of intercellular connection is shown

A

hemidesmosome

43
Q

“straws”
- permits free diffusion of ions & small molecules btw two cells

A

gap junctions

44
Q

“staples”
- formed by fusion of 2 outer layer of plasma membrane
- prevent diffusion of fluids & solutes btw cells

A

tight junctions

45
Q

“velcro”
- attach one cell to another

A

cell adhesion molecules

46
Q

“sewn”
- attach epithelial cell to the basement membrane (extracellular structures)

A

hemidesmosome

ANATOMY (24 decks)

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