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CVM: 720 Anatomy II > Lecture 9: head and neck myology > Flashcards

Lecture 9: head and neck myology Flashcards

1
Q

What are facial muscles important for

A

Mimic musculature/ facial expressions

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2
Q

List the muscles of the nose

A

➢ Apical dilatator of nostri.
➢ Lateral muscle of the nose.
➢ Medial dilatator of the nostri

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3
Q

why are the muscles of the nose very important

A

b/c horses are obligate nose breathers

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4
Q

List the extraorbital muscles

A

➢ Orbicular muscle of the eye.
➢ Levator of the medial angle of the eye.
➢ Malar (larger in ruminants)

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5
Q

List the external muscles of the ear (that we need to know)

A

➢ Parotidoauricularis
➢ Scutularis
➢ Caudal, dorsal, rostral and Deep.

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6
Q

be able to identify 1,3,4,5,6,9

A
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7
Q

Why is the buccinator muscle important for horses

A

horses “suck” water and this muscle creates a negative pressure

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8
Q

what muscle lets the horse flip its front lip up

A
  • Levator of the superior lip (palpate)
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9
Q

can you palpate the depressor of the lower lip

A

yes

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10
Q

label the superficial muscles

A
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11
Q

what muscle does this action

A

Levator of the superior
lip with conjoined tendon

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12
Q

what muscle does this action

A

Dilatator muscles of the nostril

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13
Q

list the Masticatory muscles of a horse

A
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14
Q

list the masticatory muscles that close the mouth

A

temporal
lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid

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15
Q

list the masticatory muscles that open the mouth

A

digastricus ONLY

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16
Q

identify the parts of the mastication muscle

A
  1. deep part of masseter m
  2. superficial part of masseter m
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17
Q

identify Muscles of Mastication

A
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18
Q

what is significant about digastricus in a horse compared to a dog

A

3 bellies; Rostral-Caudal-Occipitomandibularis

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19
Q

name the Pterygoideus muscles

A

Pterygoideus (Medial – Lateral)

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20
Q
A
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21
Q
A
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22
Q
A
23
Q

what is this showing

A

right side excursion and left side excursion

24
Q

what causes right side excursion and left side excursion

A

one side of pterygoid muscles contract (this is why condyles of mandible are elongated)

25
Q

why is excursion important

A

grinds food

26
Q

dont do #3

A
27
Q

what are the types of Neck muscles

A

Dorsal: Superficial (Extrinsic), intermediate and deep layers (Epaxial)

28
Q

what are the superficial/extrinsic muscles of the neck (5)

A
29
Q

what are the intermediate neck muscles

A

splenius m. (main thing we need to know)

30
Q

what are the deep/epaxial muscles of the neck (2)

A
31
Q
A
32
Q

location of the Sternocephalicus
(sternomandibularis)
can call it either names

A

sternum to mandible

33
Q

what is the omohyoid

A

-deep fascia of shoulder
-runs to basehyoid bone (medially)

34
Q

what are the 2 parts of the Rhomboid muscle

A

cervcial and thoracic

35
Q
A
36
Q

Identify the muscles of the Deep layer

A
37
Q
A
38
Q

purpose of the Intertransversarius m.

A

fix spinal column( very short muscles)

39
Q
A
40
Q

what are the parts of the nuchal ligament

A
  1. funicular
  2. lamellar
41
Q

where is the funicular part of the nuchal ligament located

A

occipital bone- T1

42
Q

where is the lamellar part of the nuchal ligament located

A

fibers to attach to spinous processes of the cervical vertebra

down from funicular part

43
Q

what is this showing?
what are its borders?

A

injection triangle

jugular groove, nuchal ligament, cranial boarder of scapula

44
Q

what muscle is the star on?

what is the anatomical location that the jugular vein is in?

A

sternocephalicus m.

jugular groove

45
Q

what gland is circled

A

thyroid gland

46
Q

what is the shape and location of the thyroid gland in a horse

A
  • Round to oval in shape.
  • Between 2nd and 3rd tracheal rings.
  • Joined ventrally by a narrow isthmus of
    connective tissue.
47
Q

Parathyroid: unilateral or bilateral

A

bilateral

48
Q

location of parathyroid gland

A
  • Embedded within the thyroid gland
49
Q

Can you palpate the thyroid gland in a horse

A

possibly

50
Q

label the trachea/larynx of the horse

A
51
Q

identify muscles 1-6

A
  1. malar m.
  2. masseter m (probably actually a little deeper–check)
  3. zygomatic m.
  4. canine m.
  5. levator of superior lip
  6. levator nasolabialis
52
Q

Name the structure the yellow arrow is pointing to

A

conjoined tendon of the levator of the superior lip

53
Q

be able to identify 10,11,15,17,18

A

CVM: 720 Anatomy II (15 decks)

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