Lecture 1: Osteology and Arthrology of Thoracic limb

Question 1

identify the common names and what anatomical structures are involved

Answer 1

1.shoulder (scapula)
2. knee (carpus)
3. cannon bone and splint bones ( one of the bones that makes up the metacarpal bone)

Question 2

identify the common names and what anatomical structures are involved

Answer 2

1. forearm
2. fetlock (metacarpophalangeal joint)
3. pastern (prox. phalanx)

(knee down makes up the manus of the horse)

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

what is a key difference between a horse scapula and dog

Answer 4

horses dont have an acromion

Question 5

what is a key landmark of the horse scapula you can palpate

Answer 5

scapular tuber

Question 6

what is important about the scapular cartilage

Answer 6

key difference from a dog
very big, most dorsal part of the scapula

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

what is significant about the Facies Serrata in a horse vs. a dog

Answer 8

horse= 2
dog= 1

Question 9

what type of bone is the scapula

Answer 9

flat bone

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

how many intertubercular grooves are on a horse humerus

Answer 12

2; due to the intermediate tubercle

Question 13

what kind of bone is the equine humerus

Answer 13

long bone (2 epiphysis and 1 diaphysis)

kinda sigmoid shape

Question 14

what is a key significance that is different in a equine humerus compared to a canine

Answer 14

there is no radial foramen, it is a fossa

the deltoid tuberosity is also a lot larger

intermediate tubercle

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

what is signifiant about the equine ulna and radius

Answer 18

they are fused together

Question 19

what is the only bone to reach the carpus (radius, ulna, or both)

Answer 19

radius

Question 20

what is the name of the space located between the radius and ulna

Answer 20

Interosseous Space

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

what is the number of the only digit present in horses

Answer 22

digit III

Question 23

the carpal bones consist of ___ rows of bones

Answer 23

2; proximal and distal

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

where are carpal bones 1 and 5

Answer 25

1= medial 5= lateral 1 and 5 are not important but you may see on xray

Question 26

identify the parts of the carpus

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

identify the carpal bones from the palmar view

Answer 28

Question 29

what carpal bones make up the proximal row? distal row?

Answer 29

proximal Acc.: Accessory Carpal Bone R: Radial Carpal Bone Int. Intermediate Carp U: Ulnar Carpal Bone distal II: Second Carpal Bone III: Third Carpal Bone IV: Carpal Bone IV

Question 30

what are the parts of a metacarpal bone

Answer 30

base body head (most distal) **serve as landmarks**

Question 31

Answer 31

Question 32

what make up the splint bones

Answer 32

Metacarpal Bones - II: Metacarpal Bone II - III: Metacarpal Bone III - IV: Metacarpal Bone IV **can palpate**

Question 33

Answer 33

Question 34

Thoracic Digit - Note how the Distal Phalanx has a broad, _____ apex - Digit ___is the singular, weight-bearing digit

Answer 34

round; 3

Question 35

what kind of shape is the extensor process

Answer 35

triangle; there is a tendon there

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

why is the Proximal Phalangeal Trigone important

Answer 37

there are a lot of ligaments there!!

Question 38

what is another name for the distal sesamoid bone of the thoracic digit of a horse

Answer 38

navicular bone

Question 39

between the lateral and medial solar foramen there is a _______

Answer 39

canal

Question 40

what is the name of the joint that makes up the shoulder

Answer 40

Humeral joint

Question 41

what kind of joint is the humeral joint

Answer 41

Simple, spheroid-- ACTS LIKE HINGE

Question 42

What are the key movements the humeral joint does

Answer 42

Flexion and extension movement (technically should be able to do all ranges of movement)

Question 43

what ligaments are in the humeral joint?

Answer 43

Glenohumeral ligaments (capsular) **acts like collateral ligament

Question 44

what important tendon and bursa is involved in the humeral joint

Answer 44

Thick biceps brachii origin tendon and bursa. (important because we can ultrasound)

Question 45

Answer 45

biceps brachii origin tendon and bursa

Question 46

what does the yellow represent

Answer 46

fibrous capsule

Question 47

what does the blue represent

Answer 47

inter and mediocarpea joint synovial capsule (45 degree of movement)

Question 48

what does red represent

Answer 48

radiocarpal joint synovial capsule (90 degree of movement)

Question 49

identify what is circled

Answer 49

intercarpal joint (plane)

Question 50

Question 51

Carpal joints: Antebrachiocarpia (radiocarpal) what kind of joint is it?

Answer 51

hinge

Question 52

carpal joint: Intercarpeae (intercarpal) what kind of joint is it?

Answer 52

plane

Question 53

carpal joint: Mediocarpea (midcarpal) what kind of joint is it?

Answer 53

hinge

Question 54

carpal joint: Carpometacarpeae (Carpometacarpal) what kind of joint is it?

Answer 54

plane

Question 55

Radiocarpal joint just radius/___________

Answer 55

proximal carpal row

Question 56

* The sinovial capsule of the radiocarpal joint is ___________; the inter and mediocarpea is shared.

Answer 56

independent

Question 57

T/F the carpal joint includes lateral colateral and medial colateral ligaments

Answer 57

true

Question 57

what are the 2 injection points indicated by the grey circles from top to bottom

Answer 57

** need to ask bc labeled differently on a couple lectures*** radiocarpal joint middle carpal joint

Question 58

Answer 58

1. radius 2. middle carpal (?) 3. either digit 1 or 5

Question 59

label top to bottom

Answer 59

proximal row of carpal bones distal row of carpal bones

Question 60

Digit joints: Metacarpophalangeal joint common name: type of joint:

Answer 60

common name: fetlock type of joint: hinge' great range of movement

Question 61

Digit joints: Proximal Interphalangeal joint: type of joint:

Answer 61

type of joint: saddle

Question 62

Digit joints: Distal Interphalangeal joint common name: type of joint:

Answer 62

common name: coffin type of joint: saddle

Question 63

T/F digit joint: Colateral ligaments in everyone.

Answer 63

true

Question 64

Digit joints has ____ and ____ recesses

Answer 64

dorsal and palmar

Question 65

what is tha name of the compound hinge joint that has a small dorsal recess and large palmar recess

Answer 65

Metacarpophalangeal joint [fetlock]

Question 66

Palmar recess boundaries

Answer 66

Proximal: heads of MC 2 and 4 Dorsal: Metacarpal bone III Palmar: Interosseous ligament Distal: Proximal sesamoid bones (from dr.p notes)

Question 67

Answer 67

palmar recess

Question 68

Answer 68

fetlock

Question 69

Answer 69

1. metacarpal 3 2. proximal sesamoid 3. fracture of the proximal sesamoid

Question 70

identify the joints

Answer 70