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CVM: 720 Anatomy II > exam 2: retroperitoneum and urogenital > Flashcards

exam 2: retroperitoneum and urogenital Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the bony pelvis

A
  • Sacrum
  • Os coxae (Coxal bones) Ilium, ischium, pubis
  • Pelvic symphysis (ossifies craniocaudally)
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2
Q

What is the shape of the Pelvic Inlet in a mare

A
  • Rounder in mare
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3
Q

What is the shape of the Pelvic Inlet in a Stallion

A

More ovoid in stallion

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4
Q

what is the Terminal line of the pelvic inlet

A

pelvic brim (Palpable rectally)

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5
Q

which a mare and which is a stallion

A
  • Rounder in mare (A).
  • More ovoid in stallion (B)
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6
Q

Pelvic Outlet borders
Dorsal, Lateral, ventral

A

Dorsally, first caudal vertebrae

Laterally, Sacrosciatic ligament and pelvic diaphragm

Ventrally, ischiatic arch

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7
Q

what liagament is this

A

sacrosciatic ligament

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8
Q

What is the center of the pelvic outlet

A

anus

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9
Q

the Vulva is _______ to the pelvic outlet

A

ventral

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10
Q

T/F the pelvic outlet is more narrow compared to the inlet

A

true

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11
Q

the Sacroiliac Joint is what type of joint

A
  • Modified synovial
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12
Q

what are the 2 Auricular surfaces of the Sacroiliac Joint

A

wing of the sacrum and wing of ilium

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13
Q

what cartilages are associated with the Sacroiliac Joint

A
  • Hyaline cartilage
  • Fibrocartilage
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14
Q

what ligaments are associated with the Sacroiliac Joint

A
  • Dorsal Sacroiliac ligaments
    (Dorsal and lateral)
  • Ventral Sacroiliac ligament
  • Interosseus ligament
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15
Q

Why is it so important that the Sacroiliac Joint is so strong with minimal movement

A

passes weight from legs to the spine

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16
Q

Is the Interosseus ligament on the inside or outside of the Sacroiliac Joint

A

inside

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17
Q

How does the sacrosciatic ligament compare in a dog vs. horse

A

Dog= sacrotuberous ligament; string like

Hors= sacrosciatic; very broad

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18
Q

Sacrosciatic Ligament is located at lateral ________ to ilium and ________

A

Lateral sacrum (and first caudal
vertebra) to ilium and ischium

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19
Q

Since the Sacrosciatic Ligament is so broad, it turns the Greater/Lesser ischiatic notch into ______

A

foramen (5 and 7)

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20
Q

Greater ischiatic notch (foramen) involves what 2 structures/vessels

A
  • Lumbosacral trunk
  • Cranial gluteal artery and vein
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21
Q

Lesser ischiatic notch (foramen) involves what tendon

A

Tendon of internal obturator in horse

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22
Q

Urinary system consists of six organs

what are they

A

2 Kidneys
2 Ureters
1 Urinary bladder
1 Urethra

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23
Q

what are the function(s) of the kidneys

A

Filter blood

  • Remove waste products and convert filtrate
    into urine
  • Produce renin and erythropoietin
24
Q

Function of the ureters

A

transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder

25
purpose of the urinary bladder
expandable muscular sac that stores urine
26
Purpose of the urethra
eliminates urine from body
27
what is the term for “behind the parietal peritoneum"
Retroperitoneal
28
Which kidney is more cranial
Right kidney is more cranial
29
The right kidney makes a renal fossa in the ______ and forms a dorsal border against the _______
* Renal fossa in the liver * Dorsal border against the diaphragm
30
what is the kidney covered in
Covered in perinephric fat and a fibrous capsule
31
where are the adrenal glands in location to the kidneys
Adrenal glands, medially close to the cranial pole
32
Topography of the kidneys
Thoraco-Lumbar junction and Paralumbar fossa
33
what shape is the Left kidney compared to the right
Left kidney is bean shaped and smooth Right kidney is heart shaped and smooth
34
what is the kidney divided into
* Cortex – outer * Medulla – inner
35
what forms the cortex of the kidney
* Renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules
36
what makes up the Medulla of the kidney
Long loops of Henle and collecting ducts
37
what is the only difference between a female and male urethra
length; male is longer
38
Unipapillary – _________– union of renal papillae
renal crest
39
40
what is the function of the renal pelvis
collects urine from renal crest
41
* Located ventral to the last two or three ribs and first lumbar transverse process * Find transcutaneously Is this the left or right kidney
right
42
* Located ventral to the last rib and first two or three lumbar processes * Find transcutaneously and rectally which kidney is this, left or right
left
43
How can you find the left kidney compared to the right
Right: transcutaneously left: transcutaneously and rectally
44
Peritoneal fold between kidney and spleen
Nephrosplenic (renosplenic) ligament
45
The Nephrosplenic (renosplenic) ligament an entrapment zone for _____________
small and large intestine
46
what happens when organs get entrapped in in relation to the Nephrosplenic (renosplenic) ligament
causes the spleen to get enlarged with blood, big enough to palpate
47
how can you fix a small/large intestine entrapment involving the spleen
1. exercise 2. drug induce 3. roll the horse 4. SX
48
T/ F Urinary bladder is in the Retroperitoneal
true
49
the Urinary bladder when empty is located in the ____________-
* Pelvic cavity when empty.
50
what are the ligaments involved with the urinary bladder
* Two lateral ligaments, one median ligament
50
In order from top to bottom list the parts of the bladder
apex body neck
51
what is the shape of the urethra in a mare
Short and wide (mares), covered in urethral muscle
52
the urethra of a mare has well developed
urethalis glandules
53
How does the urine of a mare look
milky and mucousy
54
what part of the female repro tract opens vagina, vestibule, or vulva
vestibule

CVM: 720 Anatomy II (44 decks)

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