Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

From Organisms to Ecosystems - Lectures > Lecture 5. Animal Diversity II: Tetrapods and Human Evolution > Flashcards

Lecture 5. Animal Diversity II: Tetrapods and Human Evolution Flashcards

1
Q

What are craniates ?

A

Chordates with a head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are vertebrates ?

A
  1. Chordates
  2. Craniates
  3. With a backbone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are gnathostomes ?

A
  1. Chordates
  2. Craniates
  3. Vertebrates
  4. With jaws
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are osteichthyans ?

A
  1. Chordates
  2. Craniates
  3. Vertebrates
  4. Gnathostomes
  5. With lungs or swim bladders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are lobe fins ?

A
  1. Chordates
  2. Craniates
  3. Vertebrates
  4. Gnathostomes
  5. Osteichthyans
  6. With lobe fins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is interesting about coelacanth ?

A

Evolved before tetrapods but still exist today

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do lobe fins have ?

A

Rod shaped bones projecting into their fins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are tetrapods ?

A
  1. Chordates
  2. Craniates
  3. Vertebrates
  4. Gnathostomes
  5. Osteichthyans
  6. Lobe fins
  7. 4 limbs with 5 digits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What tetrapods still exist today ?

A
  1. Amphibians
  2. Reptiles
  3. Birds
  4. Mammals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the different classes of reptiles ?

A
  1. Parareptiles
  2. Turtles
  3. Crocodilians
  4. Pterosaurs
  5. Omithischian dinosaurs
  6. Saurischian dinosaurs other than birds
  7. Birds
  8. Plesiosaurs
  9. Ichthyosaurs
  10. Tuataras
  11. Squamates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are birds technically a type of ?

A

Dinosaur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why did tetrapods move to land ?

A
  1. Empty niches
  2. Avoid competition
  3. Safer places to lay eggs
  4. Avoid predators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is needed to survive on land ?

A
  1. Skeletal support
  2. Lungs
  3. Limbs
  4. A neck
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is unique to lungfish ?

A

Use their fins to walk across the bottom of the water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do lobe finned fishes show ?

A

Adaptations which pre-adapted them to life on land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are fishapods ?

A

Part fish, part tetrapod

17
Q

When did tetrapods move to land ?

A

Devonian perio

18
Q

What was once thought about the Acanthostega ?

A

Once thought to be a land dweller but its skeleton could not have supported it on land

19
Q

What is Romer’s gap ?

A

The era 360-345 million years ago where there are very few fossils

20
Q

What did most tetrapods have before Romer’s gap ?

A

8 digits

21
Q

What is humans closest relative ?

A

The Pan troglodytes

22
Q

Why are humans special ?

A
  1. They have opposable thumbs
  2. Virtually hairless
  3. Use language to communicate
  4. Make and use tools
  5. Bipedal
  6. Foramen magnum is beneath the skull so we can hold our heads upright
  7. Our spine has a lumber curve which pulls our body weight over our pelvis
  8. Balance on one foot
  9. Large brains
23
Q

What allows us to articulate words ?

A

Unattached hyoid bone

24
Q

How do humans balance on one foot ?

A

The iliac blades of the human pelvis are tilted inwards to support internal organs

25
Q

Why do modern humans have larger brains than our ancestors ?

A

Linked to changing climate

26
Q

How did lactose tolerance evolve ?

A

A mutation in the lactase gene

27
Q

When does the ability to digest lactase disappear ?

A

Before adulthood in mammals

From Organisms to Ecosystems - Lectures (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions