Lecture 29. Interactions Between Organisms Including Mutualisms Flashcards
What are the types of interactions ?
- Intraspecific
2. Interspecific
What is intraspecific interactions ?
Within species
What is interspecific interactions ?
Between species
What are some examples of intra specific interactions ?
- Group living
- Competition
- Reproduction
- Sexual conflict
What are some examples of interspecific interactions ?
- Predation and herbivory
- Competition
- Mutualism
- Commensalism
- Amensalism
- Parasitism
What is competition ?
Interactions where different individuals/species compete for a limited resource
What are some examples of limited resources ?
- Space
- Breeding sites
- Nutrients
- Food
What is plant competition ?
The tendency of neighbouring plants to utilize the same quantum of light, ion of a mineral nutrient, molecule of water or volume of space
What is mutualism ?
An ecological interaction between two species in which both benefit
What is commensalism ?
An ecological relationship in which one species benefits while the other is not harmed or helped in any significant way
What is amensalism ?
Competition with no effect on winning competitor
What is parasitism ?
An ecological relationship in which a parasite eats the cell contents, tissues or body fluids of its host
What is an example of symbiosis ?
- Lichen
2. Parasites
What is symbiosis ?
Two organisms living together
What is pollination ?
A mutualism and commensalism
What does the ophyrys apifera do ?
Secretes a pheremone which attracts bee’s and when the bee trys to mate with it, it gets pollinated
What is mycorrhiza ?
A fungal associated with the roots of plants
What type of interaction is mycorrhiza ?
Mutualism
What does mycorrhiza facilitate ?
Enhanced competitive ability
What type of interaction is grazing ?
Parasitism
What does grazing alter ?
Competitive ability
What is an ecological niche ?
The specific set of biotic and abiotic resources that an organism uses in tis environment
What can no two species have ?
An identical ecological niche
What is resource partitioning ?
The division of limited resources by species to help avoid competition in an ecological niche.
How can species avoid competition ?
By resource partitioning
What is obligate mutualism ?
Where one species cannot survive without the other
What is facultative mutualism ?
Where both species can survive independently
What is an example of facultative mutualism ?
Ants and acacias
