Lecture 29. Interactions Between Organisms Including Mutualisms

Question 1

What are the types of interactions ?

Answer 1

1. Intraspecific

2. Interspecific

Question 2

What is intraspecific interactions ?

Answer 2

Within species

Question 3

What is interspecific interactions ?

Answer 3

Between species

Question 4

What are some examples of intra specific interactions ?

Answer 4

1. Group living
2. Competition
3. Reproduction
4. Sexual conflict

Question 5

What are some examples of interspecific interactions ?

Answer 5

1. Predation and herbivory
2. Competition
3. Mutualism
4. Commensalism
5. Amensalism
6. Parasitism

Question 6

What is competition ?

Answer 6

Interactions where different individuals/species compete for a limited resource

Question 7

What are some examples of limited resources ?

Answer 7

1. Space
2. Breeding sites
3. Nutrients
4. Food

Question 8

What is plant competition ?

Answer 8

The tendency of neighbouring plants to utilize the same quantum of light, ion of a mineral nutrient, molecule of water or volume of space

Question 9

What is mutualism ?

Answer 9

An ecological interaction between two species in which both benefit

Question 10

What is commensalism ?

Answer 10

An ecological relationship in which one species benefits while the other is not harmed or helped in any significant way

Question 11

What is amensalism ?

Answer 11

Competition with no effect on winning competitor

Question 12

What is parasitism ?

Answer 12

An ecological relationship in which a parasite eats the cell contents, tissues or body fluids of its host

Question 13

What is an example of symbiosis ?

Answer 13

1. Lichen

2. Parasites

Question 14

What is symbiosis ?

Answer 14

Two organisms living together

Question 15

What is pollination ?

Answer 15

A mutualism and commensalism

Question 16

What does the ophyrys apifera do ?

Answer 16

Secretes a pheremone which attracts bee’s and when the bee trys to mate with it, it gets pollinated

Question 17

What is mycorrhiza ?

Answer 17

A fungal associated with the roots of plants

Question 18

What type of interaction is mycorrhiza ?

Answer 18

Mutualism

Question 19

What does mycorrhiza facilitate ?

Answer 19

Enhanced competitive ability

Question 20

What type of interaction is grazing ?

Answer 20

Parasitism

Question 21

What does grazing alter ?

Answer 21

Competitive ability

Question 22

What is an ecological niche ?

Answer 22

The specific set of biotic and abiotic resources that an organism uses in tis environment

Question 23

What can no two species have ?

Answer 23

An identical ecological niche

Question 24

What is resource partitioning ?

Answer 24

The division of limited resources by species to help avoid competition in an ecological niche.

Question 25

How can species avoid competition ?

Answer 25

By resource partitioning

Question 26

What is obligate mutualism ?

Answer 26

Where one species cannot survive without the other

Question 27

What is facultative mutualism ?

Answer 27

Where both species can survive independently

Question 28

What is an example of facultative mutualism ?

Answer 28

Ants and acacias