Lecture 40 11/26/24

Question 1

Which physical hazards are possible in vet med?

Answer 1

-bites
-scratches
-kicks
-butts
-trampling
-goring
-falls
-stings
-knee, back, etc. injuries

Question 2

Which chemical hazards are possible in vet med?

Answer 2

-anesthetics
-vaccines
-cytotoxic drugs
-anti-neoplastic agents
-pesticides
-formaldehyde/other fixatives

Question 3

What are the risks of anesthetic gases?

Answer 3

-genetic mutations
-cancer
-complications during pregnancy
-hepatic disease
-renal disease

Question 4

Which veterinary biologics could present a threat to vet med professionals?

Answer 4

-antiserum
-bacterins
-vaccines
-adjuvants
-toxoids
-antitoxins

Question 5

What are some of the zoonotic risks for vet med professionals?

Answer 5

-anthrax
-avian influenza
-hantavirus
-ornithosis
-plague
-rabies
-trichinosis
-tularemia

Question 6

Which steps can be taken by vet med professionals to protect themselves from zoonoses and other risks?

Answer 6

-personal hygiene
-personal protective equipment
-biosecurity
-arthropod control
-awareness education

Question 7

What are the routes of zoonosis spread and infection?

Answer 7

-inhaled
-cutaneous
-oral

Question 8

What can cause aerosol transmission of infected droplets?

Answer 8

-sneeze/cough
-birthing tissues
-fecal material
-urine
-contaminated soil

Question 9

How can aerosol transmission be prevented?

Answer 9

-control dust
-wear masks in risky situations
-wear goggles or face shield
-wear PPE during necropsy

Question 10

Which pathogens are shed in the feces?

Answer 10

-Salmonella
-E. coli
-Campylobacter
-Cryptosporidium

Question 11

What are the steps to prevent fecal-oral transmission?

Answer 11

-hand washing
-not putting syringes in mouth
-separate area for eating/drinking away from animals

Question 12

How does direct contact transmission occur?

Answer 12

-pathogen in animal or environment
-contact with open wounds, mucus membranes, and/or skin

Question 13

How is fomite transmission prevented?

Answer 13

-provide hand washing facilities
-post signs about washing hands after animal contact
-provide foot baths for boots
-spray/disinfect vehicles and other equipment

Question 14

What are the steps of quarantine procedures?

Answer 14

-have separate facilities with separate air supply, food, water, and equipment
-take care of “old” and healthy animals first
-take care of new and sick animals second
-quarantine for 30 days

Question 15

How can the risk of vector-borne disease be reduced?

Answer 15

-decrease ticks and fleas in environment
-protect animals with commercial products
-protect people with proper clothing
-search and remove ticks

Question 16

How can ticks be minimized in the environment?

Answer 16

-create barriers between yard and woods
-mow grass short
-remove dead brush and leaves
-use repellents in infested yards

Question 17

Which prevention steps should be taken with mosquitoes?

Answer 17

-use insect repellent
-wear long clothing
-support community control programs
-remove items with standing water
-use window screens
-use mosquito netting

Question 18

What are the recommendations for preventing bartonellosis?

Answer 18

-flea and tick prevention/control
-maintain good hygiene around all pets
-prevent cat scratches and bites
-consult physician with any concerns

Question 19

What are the considerations regarding immunocompromised individuals and bartonellosis?

Answer 19

-recommend adult cats rather than kittens
-emphasize hygiene and gentle play
-treat positive, asymptomatic cats with azithromycin