Lecture 22 Part 1 10/15/24 Flashcards
What are the objectives of antemortem inspection?
-detect/remove conditions undetectable on postmortem inspection
-prevent contamination of facility
-gather information for postmortem disposition
-withhold animals with abnormal conditions
-cooperate with disease control agencies
What is antemortem inspection?
inspection of all livestock prior to slaughter by an FSIS veterinarian or an inspector under a veterinarian’s supervision
What are the characteristics of an antemortem inspection?
-examine animal at rest and in motion
-visual exam only unless animal is suspected to have disease
-individual exam in all species except poultry
What should be noted during an antemortem exam?
-overall condition of the animal
-information about the head, eyes, legs, and body of the animal
-degree of alertness, mobility, and breathing
-unusual swelling or other abnormalities
How does a suspect animal differ from a condemned animal?
-suspect animals are diseased or abnormal, but not outright condemned
-condemned animals are obviously not suitable for food
How are suspect, condemned, and retained animals identified?
-suspect: silver tag on live animal
-condemned: red tag on live animal
-retained: blue tag on carcass
What are the final antemortem dispositions and the potential outcomes?
PASSED
-released for slaughter
SUSPECT
-passed after further inspection
-entire carcass or parts condemned upon further inspection
-held for treatment
CONDEMNED
-held for treatment
What are the inhumane situations that will immediately condemn an animal?
-making cuts on or skinning conscious animals
-excessive beating or prodding of ambulatory or non-ambulatory disabled animals
-dragging conscious animals
-stunning of animals and allowing them to regain consciousness
What are the steps taken after an inhumane incident is observed?
-non-compliance record for establishment
-US reject tag on carcasses
-withholding action and or suspension for live animals based on degree of harm
What are the enforcement actions for a facility with deficiencies, disrepair, or equipment breakdown?
-US reject tag to the defective facility or equipment
-tag remains in place until facility or equipment is made acceptable to inspector
What are the enforcement actions for improper stunning?
US reject tag to the stunning area
What are the enforcement actions for improper handling or driving of livestock?
US reject tag to the alleyway leading to the stunning area
What are the dispositions for epithelioma/eye cancer?
-suspect if tumor is less advanced
-condemned if neoplasia is extensive or secondary infection is present
-condemned if animal becomes cachectic
What is the disposition for actinomycosis or actinobacillosis?
suspect, with the head often being the only part condemned
What are the characteristics of a TB test positive animal?
-branded with a “T” on left jaw
-reactor tag placed on left ear
-disease must be reported
What are the dispositions for TB test positive animals?
-passed for cooking if no lesions or localized lesions
-condemned if TB is generalized
What are the characteristics of a brucellosis test positive animal?
-branded with a “B” on left jaw
-reactor tag placed on left ear
-no slaughter concerns for most species; exception is goats
-disease must be reported
Which other conditions can result in a “suspect” disposition?
-veterinary procedures
-injection sites
What must be considered when an animal has an injection site?
-withdrawal times
-extra-label use of drugs
-illegal drugs
What are the characteristics of prolapsed uterus?
-typically treatable
-animals may undergo emergency slaughter
What are the characteristics of fever?
-animals are condemned
-temp. over 105 for bovine, equine, ovine, caprine
-temp. over 106 for swine
-consider ambient temp.
What are the characteristics of downed animals?
-immediately “suspect”
-held for 24 hours
-condemned if condition worsens/downer cattle
-recent trauma can result in emergency slaughter
What can lead to condemnation at antemortem inspection?
-multiple abscesses
-central nervous system damage
-moribund
What are the characteristics of emergency slaughter?
-only for injured animals
-no antemortem inspection
-carcass, head, and viscera are held for postmortem inspection
-cannot be used for human food
