Lecture 22 Part 1 10/15/24

Question 1

What are the objectives of antemortem inspection?

Answer 1

-detect/remove conditions undetectable on postmortem inspection
-prevent contamination of facility
-gather information for postmortem disposition
-withhold animals with abnormal conditions
-cooperate with disease control agencies

Question 2

What is antemortem inspection?

Answer 2

inspection of all livestock prior to slaughter by an FSIS veterinarian or an inspector under a veterinarian’s supervision

Question 3

What are the characteristics of an antemortem inspection?

Answer 3

-examine animal at rest and in motion
-visual exam only unless animal is suspected to have disease
-individual exam in all species except poultry

Question 4

What should be noted during an antemortem exam?

Answer 4

-overall condition of the animal
-information about the head, eyes, legs, and body of the animal
-degree of alertness, mobility, and breathing
-unusual swelling or other abnormalities

Question 5

How does a suspect animal differ from a condemned animal?

Answer 5

-suspect animals are diseased or abnormal, but not outright condemned
-condemned animals are obviously not suitable for food

Question 6

How are suspect, condemned, and retained animals identified?

Answer 6

-suspect: silver tag on live animal
-condemned: red tag on live animal
-retained: blue tag on carcass

Question 7

What are the final antemortem dispositions and the potential outcomes?

Answer 7

PASSED
-released for slaughter
SUSPECT
-passed after further inspection
-entire carcass or parts condemned upon further inspection
-held for treatment
CONDEMNED
-held for treatment

Question 8

What are the inhumane situations that will immediately condemn an animal?

Answer 8

-making cuts on or skinning conscious animals
-excessive beating or prodding of ambulatory or non-ambulatory disabled animals
-dragging conscious animals
-stunning of animals and allowing them to regain consciousness

Question 9

What are the steps taken after an inhumane incident is observed?

Answer 9

-non-compliance record for establishment
-US reject tag on carcasses
-withholding action and or suspension for live animals based on degree of harm

Question 10

What are the enforcement actions for a facility with deficiencies, disrepair, or equipment breakdown?

Answer 10

-US reject tag to the defective facility or equipment
-tag remains in place until facility or equipment is made acceptable to inspector

Question 11

What are the enforcement actions for improper stunning?

Answer 11

US reject tag to the stunning area

Question 12

What are the enforcement actions for improper handling or driving of livestock?

Answer 12

US reject tag to the alleyway leading to the stunning area

Question 13

What are the dispositions for epithelioma/eye cancer?

Answer 13

-suspect if tumor is less advanced
-condemned if neoplasia is extensive or secondary infection is present
-condemned if animal becomes cachectic

Question 14

What is the disposition for actinomycosis or actinobacillosis?

Answer 14

suspect, with the head often being the only part condemned

Question 15

What are the characteristics of a TB test positive animal?

Answer 15

-branded with a “T” on left jaw
-reactor tag placed on left ear
-disease must be reported

Question 16

What are the dispositions for TB test positive animals?

Answer 16

-passed for cooking if no lesions or localized lesions
-condemned if TB is generalized

Question 17

What are the characteristics of a brucellosis test positive animal?

Answer 17

-branded with a “B” on left jaw
-reactor tag placed on left ear
-no slaughter concerns for most species; exception is goats
-disease must be reported

Question 18

Which other conditions can result in a “suspect” disposition?

Answer 18

-veterinary procedures
-injection sites

Question 19

What must be considered when an animal has an injection site?

Answer 19

-withdrawal times
-extra-label use of drugs
-illegal drugs

Question 20

What are the characteristics of prolapsed uterus?

Answer 20

-typically treatable
-animals may undergo emergency slaughter

Question 21

What are the characteristics of fever?

Answer 21

-animals are condemned
-temp. over 105 for bovine, equine, ovine, caprine
-temp. over 106 for swine
-consider ambient temp.

Question 22

What are the characteristics of downed animals?

Answer 22

-immediately “suspect”
-held for 24 hours
-condemned if condition worsens/downer cattle
-recent trauma can result in emergency slaughter

Question 23

What can lead to condemnation at antemortem inspection?

Answer 23

-multiple abscesses
-central nervous system damage
-moribund

Question 24

What are the characteristics of emergency slaughter?

Answer 24

-only for injured animals
-no antemortem inspection
-carcass, head, and viscera are held for postmortem inspection
-cannot be used for human food