Lecture 3 & 4: Neuroanatomy Flashcards
How many layers does the scalp have?
5 layers
What are the 5 layers of the scalp?
- Skin
- Connective Tissue
- Aponeurosis
- Loose connective tissue
- Periosteum
What does the Scalp Proper Consist of?
3 superficial layers:
1. Skin
2. Connective tissue
3. Aponeurosis
*all 3 layers are connected and move together
4 aponeurosis of the skull
-frontalis
-Epicranial aponeururosis
-occipitofrontalis
-occipitalis
what is the main function of the aponeurosis of the skull?
help prevent stretching of the scalp
fucntion of frontalis aponeurosis
raise eyebrows and scrunch forehead
function of the occipitalis aponeurosis
retract scalp
Contents of the deep scalp
Loose connective tissue and Periosteum
What is considered the danger zone of the scalp?
the Loose connective tissue; because emmissary veins (bridging veins) in the loose connective tissue provide a potential infection pathway into the cranial vault
What are the meninges for?
3 layers of connective tissue to provide protection and support to the CNS (brain and spinal cord)
Name the meninges from superficial to deep
- Dura mater
- Arachnoid mater
- Pia mater
Dura mater
-thick layer of meninges deep to the calvarium (skull cap)
-encloses dural venous sinuses, major structures that drain blood from the cranial vault
The three invaginations that the dura mater forms within the cranial vault
- Falx cerebri
- Tentorium Cerebelli
- Fslx Cerebelli
What does the falx cerebri attach anteriorly
the crista galli of the ethmoid bone
2 layers of the dura mater
- Periosteal layer
- Meningeal layer (deeper)
what is the purpose of the layers of the dura mater splitting?
to form the dural venous sinuses
2 spaces of the dura mater
- Epidural space
- Subdural space
Key characteristic of the 2 spaces of the dura mater
they are POTENTIAL spaces; they are not found unless trauma/disease cause separation of the 2 layers
Where does the dura mater split
at the edge of the skull and at the foramen magnum
Where does each layer of the dura mater travel?
Periosteal layer: edge of the skull
Meningeal Layer: around the spinal cord
Arachnoid mater
-sits deep to the dura, on the dura
where is the subarachnoid space?
subarachnoid space between arachnoid and pia; thsi contains CSF
Cerebrospinal Fluid purpose
-helps metabolically (exchange medium) and physically (buoyancy and cushion) support brain
Arachnoid mater Granulations
drain CSF through the dura