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Year 2 - Semester 2 ANAT 316 > Lecture 22: Perineum > Flashcards

Lecture 22: Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

superficial perineum

A

inferior, closer to the skin

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1
Q

the perineum

A

lies inferior to the pelvic floor, between lower limbs

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2
Q

deep perineum

A

superior, closer to pelvic

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3
Q

pelvic floor/ roof of perineum

A

formed by:
-levator ani
-coccygeus
-obturator internus
-piriformis

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4
Q

bones making up the border of the perineum

A

-ischiopubic ramus
-pubis symphysis
-ischial tuberosity
-coccyx/saccrum

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5
Q

triangles of the perineum

A

-urogenetial
-anal

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6
Q

urogenetial triangle

A

-anterior portion of perineum

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7
Q

urogenetial triangle is bounded by

A

-pubic symphysis
-ischial tuberosities

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8
Q

Anal triangle

A

-posterior portion of the perineum

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9
Q

anal triangle is bounded by

A

-coccyx
-ischial tiberosities

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10
Q

scrotum contains

A

-testes
-epididymis
-external spermatic cord

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11
Q

Body of penis is made up of

A

-glans
-corpus cavernosum
-corpus spongiosum

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12
Q

Glans

A

-extension of corpus spongosium

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13
Q

Corpus Cavernosum

A

-pair of erectile tissues, extension of crus

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14
Q

corpus spongiosum

A

-extension of bulb into the body of the penis

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15
Q

root of penis

A

crus & Bulb

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16
Q

crus

A

2 legs that surround bulb

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17
Q

bulb

A

single erectile cylinder

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18
Q

deep penile artery

A

penis contains 2 (one in each corpus cavernosum)

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19
Q

which part of the penis does penile urethra travel through

A

corpus spongiosum

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20
Q

names of urethra in males

A
  1. prostatic urethra
  2. Membranous urethra
  3. Spongy (penile) urethra
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21
Q

where does urethra exit

A

external urethral orifice

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22
Q

Pudenal cleft

A

space between labia majora and minora

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23
Q

borders of the vestibule

A

anterior - clitoris
posterior - Fourchette
lateral - labia minora

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24
Q

mons pubis

A

fatty tissue superior to vagina for coushin and covering

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25
Q

Labia Majora

A

outer lip for protection

26
Q

Labia Minora

A

inner lip for protection and keeping lubrications in the vagina

27
Q

vaginal orifice

A

opening of the vagina.

28
Q

bulb of vestibule

A

part of the clitoris where blood accumulates during arousal

29
Q

what is inferior ot the bulb of vestibule

A

greater vestibular glands

30
Q

root of erectile tissue in women

A

-crus of clitoris
-greater vestibular glands
-bulb of vestibule

31
Q

3 female muscles surrounding urethrain females

A
  1. External urethral sphincter
  2. Urethrovaginal sphincter
  3. compressor urethrae
32
Q

external urethral sphincter

A

surrounds entire urethra

33
Q

urethrovaginal sphincter

A

surrounds urethra and vagina

34
Q

compressor urethrae

A

surrounds anterior urethra

35
Q

urogenital triangle structures superficial to deep

A
  1. skin
  2. Perineal fascia
  3. Superficial perineal pouch
  4. Perineal membrane
  5. Deep perineal pouch
  6. Pelvic floor
36
Q

deep perineal pouch

A

-underneath pelvic floor and above perineal membrane
-lies superior to perineal membrane
-forms the ext. urethral sphincter

37
Q

deep perineal pouch for males

A

-deep transverse perineal muscle
-ext. urethral sphincter (surrounds membranous urethra for voluntary control)

38
Q

Deep perineal pouch for females

A

same as males but also with:
-urethrovaginal sphincter
-cmpressor urethrae

39
Q

Superficial perineal pouch

A

-between perineal membrane and deep perineal fascia
-lies inferior to the perineal mambrane

40
Q

superior limit of superficial perineal pouch

A

perineal membrane

41
Q

inferior limit of superficial perineal pouch

A

colles’ fasica

42
Q

contents of superficial perineal pouch for males

A

-bulbospongiosis
-ischiocavernosus
-superficical transverse perineal muscle

43
Q

bulbospongiosus males

A

-compresses bulb of penis during erection
-at root of penis

44
Q

ischiocavernosus males

A

-compresses crus of penis during erection
-paired

45
Q

contents of superficial perineal pouch for females

A

-bulbospongiosus
-ischiocavernosus
-siperficial transverse perineal muscle

46
Q

Bulbospongiosus females

A

-compresses bulb of clitoris during an orgasam

47
Q

Ischiocavernosus females

A

-compresses crus of cliitoris during an orgasam

48
Q

Perineal fascia; superficial layer

A

continuous with Campers fascia of anterior abdominal wall

49
Q

Perineal fascia: deep layer

A

-continuous with scarpas fascial of the anterior abdominal wall
-colles fascia

50
Q

perineal body

A

convergence of:
-bulbospongiosus
-superficial/deep perineal muscles
-ext. anal sphincter
-pelvic floor msucles

51
Q

anal triangle

A

-posterior portion of perineum
-bounded by : ischial tuberosities & coccyx
-NO perineal membrane
-1 layer

52
Q

contents of anal triangle

A

-anal aperature
-ext. anal sphincter
-ischiorectal fossa
-pudendal canal

53
Q

ischiorectal fossa borders

A

lateral: obturator internus
superior: levator ani
medial: ext. anal sphincter
inferior: perineal fascia

54
Q

Pudendal canal

A

-pudendal nerve
-int. pudendal artery
-int .pudendal vein

55
Q

Anal canal is made up of

A

-rectal ampulla -> anal canal

56
Q

what surrounds and controls anal canal

A

external and internal anal sphincters
*external control internal

57
Q

external anal sphincter

A

voluntary; compresses to keep sphincter shut

58
Q

internal anal sphincter

A

involuntary; relaxed during normal defecation

59
Q

where does abdominal aorta bifurcate

60
Q

path of BS to lower limb

A

abdominal aorta -> common iliac artert -> ext. iliac artery gives off internal iliac artery which gives off int. pudendal artery

61
Q

Bs to perineum

A

internal pudendal artery

62
Q

BS to rectum

A

IMA -> Superior rectal artery

Int. ilaic artery -> middle & inferior rectal arteries

Year 2 - Semester 2 ANAT 316 (21 decks)

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