Lecture 18: GI II

Question 1

Cecum

Answer 1

-blind-ended pouch
-covered in peritoneum, but no messentery

Question 2

valve of cecum

Answer 2

ileocecal valve (ileocolic)
**1 way valve

Question 3

Vermiform Appendix

Answer 3

-8-10cm long
-Aggregations of lymphoid tissue
-No longer necessary - more trouble than function
-suspended by the mesoappendix

Question 4

variable positions of vermiform appendix

Answer 4

retrocecal, retrocolic, pelvic

Question 5

McBurney’s point

Answer 5

point on anterior abdominal wall that is the lateral 1/3 of the distance from the ASIS to umbilicus

Question 6

Four parts of the colon

Answer 6

-Ascending (R. upper)
-Transverse
-Descending (L. upper)
-Sigmoid (pelvic)

Question 7

2 flexures of the colon

Answer 7

Left (splenic) colic flexure & right (hepatic)colic flexure

Question 8

3 features of the colon

Answer 8

-Teniae coli
-Haustra
-Epiploic

Question 9

muscular components of the colon

Answer 9

-Taeniae coli
-Haustra

Question 10

Taeniae coli

Answer 10

-3 longitudinal bands of smooth muscle that run along the outer layer of the entire colon

Question 11

Haustra

Answer 11

-pouches in the wall of the colon
-created by muscle tone in taeniae coli
-permit expansion and elongation of the colon

Question 12

Peritoneal coverings of the colon: Mesocolon

Answer 12

-Complete covering
-Partial covering
-Mesoappendix

Question 13

Mesocolon: Complete covering

Answer 13

transverse & sigmoidal mesocolons (intraperitoneal)

Question 14

Mesocolon : Partial covering

Answer 14

ascending, descending & rectal mesocolons (retroperitoneal)

Question 15

Mesocolon: Mesoappendix

Answer 15

connectsappendix to ileum and cecum

Question 16

The cecum has all these features except
1. Valve
2. Pouch
3. Mesenteric attachment
4. Peritoneal attachment

Answer 16

3. Mesenteric attachment

Question 17

where does the midgut transfer to the hindgut

Answer 17

Distal 1/3 of transverse colon

Question 18

Large intestine BS: SMA branches into

Answer 18

ileocolic, right colic and middle colic arteries

Question 19

Large intestine BS: IMA branches into

Answer 19

Left colic, sigmoidal and superior rectal ateries

Question 20

Large Intestine BS: marginal artery of drummond

Answer 20

anastomoses between right, middle and left colic arteries

Question 21

purpose of margianal artery of drummond

Answer 21

key for collateral circulation or alternative supply

Question 22

if the celiac artery was blocked, what part of the large intestine would be affected?

Answer 22

none

Question 23

parts of the pancreas (5)

Answer 23

1. Tail
2. Body
3. Neck
4. Head
5. Uncinate process

Question 24

Large Intestine venous drainage

Answer 24

-Splenic vein
-SMV
-IMV

Question 25

what does the splenic vein drain

Answer 25

spleen, lower esophagus, part of stomach and pancreas

Question 26

where does the SMV join the splenic vein

Answer 26

posterior to the neck of the pancreas

Question 27

what does the SMV drain

Answer 27

areas supplied by the SMA
-iliocecum, left colic, middle colic

Question 28

SMV

Answer 28

-ascending in root of messentery
-pass to anterior 3rd part duodenum

Question 29

splenic vein

Answer 29

-hilum of spleen - posterior to tail and body of pancreas
-joins SMV

Question 30

IMV

Answer 30

-ascends on the left posterior abdominal wall
-joins splenic vein posterior to pancreas

Question 31

what does the IMV drain

Answer 31

areas supplied by the IMA
-Left colic, Sigmoidal, superior rectal

Question 32

Hepatic portal vein created by

Answer 32

-splenic vein and SMV unite

Question 33

hepatic portal vein carries

Answer 33

nutrients from digestive tract to the liver

Question 34

Portosystemic obstruction

Answer 34

result of obstructed venous return to the liver
possible causes: thrombosis, liver cirrhosis, heart failure