Lecture 16: Oral Cavity & Esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

digestive chemical process begins in

A

the mouth

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2
Q

2 areas of the oral cavity

A
  1. Oral vestibule
  2. Oral cavity proper
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3
Q

borders of oral vestibule

A

upper lip & teeth, lower lip & teeth

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4
Q

Associated structures of the oral vestibule

A

-superior labial frenulum
-gingivae
-inferior labial frenulum

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5
Q

what attaches teeth to gums

A

superior & inferior labial frenulum

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6
Q

Oral cavity proper borders

A

-posterior border: palatoglossal arch & palatopharyngeal arch

-Superior border: hard & soft palate

-Inferior border: tongue

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7
Q

associated structures of the oral cavity

A

uvula, lingual frenulum & palatine tonsil

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8
Q

what does the lingual frenulum attach

A

tongue to floor of mouth

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9
Q

salivary glands

A

-parotid gland
-submandibular gland
-sublingual gland
-minor glands

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10
Q

3 types of salivary glands

A
  1. mucous (lubrication)
  2. Serous (enzyme containing)
  3. seromucous
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11
Q

Parotid gland location

A

anterior to ears, between masseter and skin

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12
Q

what opens behind second upper molar

A

stensons duct; SEROUS

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13
Q

parotid gland is innervated by

A

CN IX, glossopharangeal

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14
Q

Submandibular gland location

A

-inferior to mandible and in between digastric muscles

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15
Q

what opens lateral to linguinal frenulum

A

Wharton’s duct; SEROMUCOUS

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16
Q

what is the submandibular gland innervated by

A

CN VII, facial

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17
Q

what empties the submandibular gland

A

WHarton’s duct

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18
Q

Sublinguinal gland location

A

-floor of oral cavity inferior to tongue

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19
Q

what connects with Wharton’s duct

A

Bartholin’s Duct; MUCOUS

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20
Q

what empties the sublinguinal gland

A

WHarton’s duct

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21
Q

what innervated the sublinguial gland

A

CN VII, facial

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22
Q

what separates the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

sulcus terminalis

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23
Q

Features of tongue (5)

A
  1. Lingual tonsil
  2. Foliate papillae
  3. Filiform papillae
  4. Fungiform papillae
  5. Circumvallate papillae
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24
Q

WHich features of the tongue have taste buds

A

-foliate papillae
-fungiform papillae
-circumvallate papillae

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25
Filiform papillae
-just for chewing -have rough patches to grip food and form bolus -DO NOT contain taste buds
26
Innervation for tasteof the tongue
epiglottis - CN X (vagus) posterior 1/3 - CV IX (glossopharangeal) anterior 2/3 - CN VII "Chorda Tympani" (facial)
27
innervation of general sensation of the tongue
epiglottis - CN X (vagus) posterior 1/3 - CN IX (glossopharangeal) anterior 2/3 - CNV3 (mandibular branch of trigeminal)
28
general anatomy of a tooth, superficial - deep
1. Crown (visible) 2. Neck (where gum begins) 3. Root (cannot see)
29
Dentin is produced by
odontoblasts
30
periodontal ligaments
attach tooth to maxillae or mandible
31
Apical foramen
where nerves and vasculature pass
32
Enamel is produced by
ameloblasts
33
pulp cavity
-holds neurovasculature and blood vessels -contains nerves that give sensation
34
alveolar bone
attached by periodontal ligament to tooth
35
4 types of teeth
1. Molar 2. Premolar 3. Canine 4. Incisor
36
which teeth grind and crush food
molars and premolars
37
which teeth shred food
canine
38
which teeth slice food
incisor
39
deciduous teeth per quadrant
2 incisors 1 canine 2 molars
40
Permanent teeth per quadrant
2 incisors 1 canine 2 premolars 3 molars
41
what teeth do you gain in adulthood
2 premolars gain 1 molar
42
why do teeth change in adulthood
because we eat more solid food
43
why do we need teeth
-increase digestive SA for mechanical digestion -work in conjunction with saliva to begin the process of digestion in the mouth
44
how to teeth help enzymes
chewing food actually saves energy because enzymes have more SA to work with and increase efficency
45
Esophageal hiatus
opening in diaphragm at T 10
46
when does the esophagus join the stomach
cardiac orifice
47
what is a continuation off the oropharynx
pharyngeal constrictors
48
what works together to push food towards stomach
pharyngeal constrictors and esophageal muscles
49
which portion of the esophagus is voluntary
superior
50
which portion of the esophagus is involuntary
inferior
51
how many sphincters does the esophagus have
2
52
esophageal sphincters
upper and lower
53
upper esophageal sphincter
closes to lock food in esophagus so it cant go back
54
lower esophageal sphincter
closes when food enters the stomach
55
what do the upper and lower esophageal sphincters do
prevents reflux of food
56
GERD
-impaired LES -heartburn -treated with lifestyle modifications and drugs
57
3 phases of swallowing
oral, pharangeal, esophageal
58
oral phase
-food is broken down mechanically and chemically -bolus is moved posteriorly until it reaches the oropharynx -voluntary
59
Pharangeal Phase
-soft palate and epiglottis close - breathing stops -pharangeal constrictors move bolus inferiorly until it reaches the UES -autonomic
60
what does the soft palate close
nasopharynx
61
Esophageal phase
-bolus passes through upper esophageal sphincter -peristalsis -bolus passes through lower esophageal sphincter into stomach
62