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Year 2 - Semester 2 ANAT 316 > Lecture 16: Oral Cavity & Esophagus > Flashcards

Lecture 16: Oral Cavity & Esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

digestive chemical process begins in

A

the mouth

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2
Q

2 areas of the oral cavity

A
  1. Oral vestibule
  2. Oral cavity proper
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3
Q

borders of oral vestibule

A

upper lip & teeth, lower lip & teeth

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4
Q

Associated structures of the oral vestibule

A

-superior labial frenulum
-gingivae
-inferior labial frenulum

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5
Q

what attaches teeth to gums

A

superior & inferior labial frenulum

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6
Q

Oral cavity proper borders

A

-posterior border: palatoglossal arch & palatopharyngeal arch

-Superior border: hard & soft palate

-Inferior border: tongue

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7
Q

associated structures of the oral cavity

A

uvula, lingual frenulum & palatine tonsil

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8
Q

what does the lingual frenulum attach

A

tongue to floor of mouth

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9
Q

salivary glands

A

-parotid gland
-submandibular gland
-sublingual gland
-minor glands

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10
Q

3 types of salivary glands

A
  1. mucous (lubrication)
  2. Serous (enzyme containing)
  3. seromucous
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11
Q

Parotid gland location

A

anterior to ears, between masseter and skin

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12
Q

what opens behind second upper molar

A

stensons duct; SEROUS

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13
Q

parotid gland is innervated by

A

CN IX, glossopharangeal

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14
Q

Submandibular gland location

A

-inferior to mandible and in between digastric muscles

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15
Q

what opens lateral to linguinal frenulum

A

Wharton’s duct; SEROMUCOUS

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16
Q

what is the submandibular gland innervated by

A

CN VII, facial

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17
Q

what empties the submandibular gland

A

WHarton’s duct

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18
Q

Sublinguinal gland location

A

-floor of oral cavity inferior to tongue

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19
Q

what connects with Wharton’s duct

A

Bartholin’s Duct; MUCOUS

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20
Q

what empties the sublinguinal gland

A

WHarton’s duct

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21
Q

what innervated the sublinguial gland

A

CN VII, facial

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22
Q

what separates the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

sulcus terminalis

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23
Q

Features of tongue (5)

A
  1. Lingual tonsil
  2. Foliate papillae
  3. Filiform papillae
  4. Fungiform papillae
  5. Circumvallate papillae
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24
Q

WHich features of the tongue have taste buds

A

-foliate papillae
-fungiform papillae
-circumvallate papillae

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25
Q

Filiform papillae

A

-just for chewing
-have rough patches to grip food and form bolus
-DO NOT contain taste buds

26
Q

Innervation for tasteof the tongue

A

epiglottis - CN X (vagus)
posterior 1/3 - CV IX (glossopharangeal)
anterior 2/3 - CN VII “Chorda Tympani” (facial)

27
Q

innervation of general sensation of the tongue

A

epiglottis - CN X (vagus)
posterior 1/3 - CN IX (glossopharangeal)
anterior 2/3 - CNV3 (mandibular branch of trigeminal)

28
Q

general anatomy of a tooth, superficial - deep

A
  1. Crown (visible)
  2. Neck (where gum begins)
  3. Root (cannot see)
29
Q

Dentin is produced by

A

odontoblasts

30
Q

periodontal ligaments

A

attach tooth to maxillae or mandible

31
Q

Apical foramen

A

where nerves and vasculature pass

32
Q

Enamel is produced by

A

ameloblasts

33
Q

pulp cavity

A

-holds neurovasculature and blood vessels
-contains nerves that give sensation

34
Q

alveolar bone

A

attached by periodontal ligament to tooth

35
Q

4 types of teeth

A
  1. Molar
  2. Premolar
  3. Canine
  4. Incisor
36
Q

which teeth grind and crush food

A

molars and premolars

37
Q

which teeth shred food

A

canine

38
Q

which teeth slice food

A

incisor

39
Q

deciduous teeth per quadrant

A

2 incisors
1 canine
2 molars

40
Q

Permanent teeth per quadrant

A

2 incisors
1 canine
2 premolars
3 molars

41
Q

what teeth do you gain in adulthood

A

2 premolars
gain 1 molar

42
Q

why do teeth change in adulthood

A

because we eat more solid food

43
Q

why do we need teeth

A

-increase digestive SA for mechanical digestion
-work in conjunction with saliva to begin the process of digestion in the mouth

44
Q

how to teeth help enzymes

A

chewing food actually saves energy because enzymes have more SA to work with and increase efficency

45
Q

Esophageal hiatus

A

opening in diaphragm at T 10

46
Q

when does the esophagus join the stomach

A

cardiac orifice

47
Q

what is a continuation off the oropharynx

A

pharyngeal constrictors

48
Q

what works together to push food towards stomach

A

pharyngeal constrictors and esophageal muscles

49
Q

which portion of the esophagus is voluntary

A

superior

50
Q

which portion of the esophagus is involuntary

A

inferior

51
Q

how many sphincters does the esophagus have

A

2

52
Q

esophageal sphincters

A

upper and lower

53
Q

upper esophageal sphincter

A

closes to lock food in esophagus so it cant go back

54
Q

lower esophageal sphincter

A

closes when food enters the stomach

55
Q

what do the upper and lower esophageal sphincters do

A

prevents reflux of food

56
Q

GERD

A

-impaired LES
-heartburn
-treated with lifestyle modifications and drugs

57
Q

3 phases of swallowing

A

oral, pharangeal, esophageal

58
Q

oral phase

A

-food is broken down mechanically and chemically
-bolus is moved posteriorly until it reaches the oropharynx
-voluntary

59
Q

Pharangeal Phase

A

-soft palate and epiglottis close - breathing stops
-pharangeal constrictors move bolus inferiorly until it reaches the UES
-autonomic

60
Q

what does the soft palate close

A

nasopharynx

61
Q

Esophageal phase

A

-bolus passes through upper esophageal sphincter
-peristalsis
-bolus passes through lower esophageal sphincter into stomach

62
Q
A

Year 2 - Semester 2 ANAT 316 (21 decks)

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