Lecture 21: Pelvic Viscera Flashcards
Joints of innominate bones
-sacroiliac
-symphysis pubis
borders of pelvic inlet
-sacral promontory
-sacral ala
-iliopectineal line
-symphysis pubis
borders of pelvic outlet
-coccyx
-ischial tuberosities
-symphysis pubis
true pelvis
between pelvic inlet and outlet and contains pelvic viscera
difference between female and male pelvis
-females have a larger subpubic angle
-females have a larger interspinous distance (b/w ischial spines)
function of pelvic diaphragm
support pelvic viscera
features of pelvic diaphragm
-urogenital hiatus
-anal aperature
muscles of the pelvic diaphragm
-levator ani group
-coccygeus
levator ani muscles
-puborectalis
-pubococcygeus
-iliococcygeus
puborectalis
attachment to pubis and swoops around anal aperature
Pubococcygeus
attach to pubis and coccyx
iliococcygeus
attaches to ilium and coccyx
coccygeus
attaches to ischium and coccyx
what muscle forms the urogenetial hiatus
puborectalis
male only pelvic viscera
-vas deferens
-seminal vesicles
-ejaculatory ducts
-prostate gland
female only pelvic viscera
-uterus
-uterine tubes
-ovaries
-vagina
shared male and female pelvic viscera
-bladder
-ureters
-sigmoid colon
-rectum
broad ligament
-covers female pelvic viscera
-double fold peritoneum
-3 divisions
3 divisions of the broad ligament
- Mesometrium
- mesovarium
- mesoalpinx
Mesometrium
-largest division of the broad ligament
-coveres the uterus and bladder
Mesovarium
suspends ovaries from uterine tubes
Mesoalpinx
surrounds uterine tubes, drapes posteriorly
Ligaments of the uterus
-uterosacral ligament
-cardinal ligament
-round ligament
uterosacral ligament
attaches uterus to sacrum
cardinal ligament
-wings laterally to attach to side wall of pelvic cavity
round ligament
travels through inguinal canal to attach uterus to anterior cavity
features of the uterine tubes
-infundubulum
-isthmus
-ampulla
-fimbrae
function fo fimbriae
-scoops egg into the uerine tube
function of isthmus
attaches uterine tube to cavity
function of infundibulum
fans into fimbriae
Ovaries
-paired almond shaped organs
-produce ova
-secrete estrogen and progesterone
suspensory ligament of the ovary
attaches ovary to pelvic side wall
ovarian ligament
attaches ovary to uterus
ovaries are located _____ to the uterus
superior
vagina
-open to external environment
where does the vagina begin
external os of the cervix
protrusion of cervix creates
fornixes (posterior, anterior & lateral)
Ductus (vas) deferens
-carrys semen
-posterior & superior to ureters
- travels from the testes, through inguinal canal, towards posterior bladder
Seminal Vesicles
-posterior to surface of bladder
-lateral to ductus deferens
-glandular structures
-stores and produced fluid that makes up majority of semen
Ejaculatory ducts
formed by the union of the seminal vesicles & ductus deferens
**changes names when entering the prostate gland
Prostate gland
-inferior to bladder
-walnut shaped
-transversed by the prostatic urethra
-
what contracts to widen the opening of the ejaculatory ducts
prostatic utricle
Sigmoid colon
-S shaped
-distal end of colon
-continuous with rectum distally
Rectum
-continuous with the anal canal distally
Two flexures of rectum
- sacral flexure
- Anorectal flexure
What causes the anorectal flexure to hold its shape
puborectalis
3 transverse folds of the rectum
Superior, medial and inferior rectal folds
path of Ureters
- exit renal pelvis
- pass posterior to gonadal vessels and anterior to iliac vessels
- Enter posterior aspect of the bladder
Features of the bladder
-ureteric orfices
-trigone
-internal urethral orfice
ureteric orfices
opening ehere ureters dump into bladder
trigone
sapce between the 3 orfices of the bladder
internal urethral orfice
transfer from bladder to urethra
what supplies the uterus
internal iliac artery > uterine artery
what supplies the ovaries
abdominal aorta branches into R & L ovarian arteries
what supplies the sigmoid colon
IMA > sigmoidal artery
BS to the rectum
Superior: IMA gives off superior rectal a.
Middle: IMA gives off internal iliac a. > middle rectal a.
Inferior: IMA gives off internal iliac a. > inferior rectal a.
