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Public Health > Lecture 23: Rodent Borne Zoonoses of North American and Integrated Pest Management > Flashcards

Lecture 23: Rodent Borne Zoonoses of North American and Integrated Pest Management Flashcards

1
Q

what species is linked yo hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome

A

deer mice

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2
Q

what are two ways rats and mice act as disease vectors

A

disease reservoirs and disease carriers

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3
Q

what are disease resevoirs

A

disease hosts that rarely transmit the disease directly humans (vector often required)

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4
Q

what are some examples of diseases in which rats and mice are disease resevoirs

A

plague, borna disease, powassan encephalitis, colorado tick fever, lyme disease, scrub typhus

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5
Q

what are disease carriers

A

species that can directly transmit that disease to humans

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6
Q

what are some examples of diseases that rats and mice are disease carriers for

A

hantavirus, leptospirosis, colorado tick fever, and tularemia

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7
Q

why are rats and mice effective disease vectors

A

rodents are synanthropic species and important human competitors for food

rodents are a good intermediary between humans and environment

and rodents continually expand their range

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8
Q

are the following bacterial or viral zoonoses: plague, tularemia, leptospirosis, lyme, rat bite fever

A

bacterial

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9
Q

are the following bacterial or viral zoonoses: hantavirus, monkey pox, lassa fever, and LCMV

A

viral

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10
Q

what is the causative agent for plague

A

yersinia pestis

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11
Q

what type of bacteria is plague

A

gram negative coccabacilli

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12
Q

who serves as a reservoir for plague

A

rodents

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13
Q

where are the most cases of plague in U.S.

A

mountain west

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14
Q

what are some symptoms of bubonic plague

A

enlarged lymph nodes

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15
Q

what are some symptoms of pneumonic plague

A

severe, acute pneumonia

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16
Q

what are some symptoms of septicemia form

A

severe fever, chills, malaisewh

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17
Q

what are symptoms of plague in rodents

A

rarely symptomatic

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18
Q

what is most dangerous form of plague

A

septicemic

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19
Q

what is mode of transmission for plague

A

fleas (xenopsylla)
aerosolization
direct transmission through handling carcasses

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20
Q

what is causative agent in tularemia

A

francisella tularensis

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21
Q

what type of bacteria is tularemia

A

gram negative coccobacilli

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22
Q

how can rodents transmit tularemia

A

direct to humans via contact and bodily fluids, or mechanical transmission via insects

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23
Q

where are the most cases of tularemia in U.S.

A

midwest river valleys

24
Q

what are some symptoms of glandular form of tularemia

A

enlarged lymph nodes

25
Q

what are some symptoms of pneumonic tularemia

A

severe, acute pneumonia

26
Q

what are some symptoms of typhoidal tularemia

A

severe fever, chills, malaise

27
Q

which form of tularemia is most common and treatable, which form is most fatal

A

most common/treatment: glandular
most severe: typhoidal

28
Q

what are modes of transmission for tularemia

A

direct contact with small rodents serving as carriers or through either tick bites or biting flies with rodents serving as a reservoir, aerosolization

29
Q

what is causative agent in leptospirosis

A

leptospira interrogans

30
Q

what type of bacteria is leptospirosis

A

gram negative spirochete

31
Q

how is leptospirosis transmitted in rodents

A

via urine

32
Q

what are some symptoms of leptospirosis

A

flu like symptoms, renal disease- back pain, PU, hepatic disease, jaundice

33
Q

where are the most cases of leptospirosis seen

A

tropical areas
in U.S. found near bodies of water

34
Q

what is mode of transmission of leptospirosis

A

direct contact with urine or urine contaminated water sources

35
Q

how to prevent transmission of leptospirosis

A

avoid contact with urine from suspected cases and treat water in endemic areas, canine vaccinations

36
Q

what is causative disease agent of murine typhus

A

rickettsia typhi

37
Q

what is the reservoir for rickettsia typhi and how is it transmitted

A

rodents are reservoirs and transmitted via fleas

38
Q

what are symptoms of murine typhus

A

flu like symptoms, rash

39
Q

what is mode of transmission of murine typhus

A

fleas feeding on both reservoir species and humans

40
Q

how to prevent murine typhus

A

adequate hygiene, rodent and flea control

41
Q

what is causative agent for hantavirus

A

bunyaviridae

42
Q

who is the carrier for hantavirus

A

rodents

43
Q

where are most cases of hantavirus

A

mountain west

44
Q

what are some symptoms of hantavirus

A

hantavirus pulmonary syndrome with flu like symptoms, respiratory distress

45
Q

what is mode of transmission of hantavirus

A

aerosolization of rodent urine and feces

46
Q

how to prevent hantavirus

A

rodent control and prevent aerosolization of rodent droppings

47
Q

what is causative agent for monkey pox

A

poxviridae

48
Q

who is carrier for monkey pox

A

rodents

49
Q

where are most cases of monkey pox seen

A

west africa, predominantly nigeria

50
Q

what are some symptoms of monkey pox

A

flu like lesions, pox lesions on hands and genital areasw

51
Q

what are symptoms of monkey pox in rodents

A

oculonasal discharge, pox lesions

52
Q

what is mode of transmission of monkey pox

A

handling affected rodents/primates, close contact

53
Q

how to prevent monkey pox

A

small pox vaccination (cross protection) and rodent control

54
Q

what are the steps in integrated pest management

A
  1. categorize problems
  2. set action points
  3. identify problem species
  4. understand the lifecycle/behavior of those species
  5. monitor for evidence of those species and problems
  6. seeks solutions that focus on preventing these problems and not destroying species
55
Q

integrated pest management for rodents

A

eliminate potential food sources, eliminate routes of entry

56
Q

integrated pest management for insects

A

remove potential breeding grounds, biological control

57
Q

how do tick tubes work

A
  1. ticks feed on mice
  2. put tubes in ground that have cotton balls treated with permethrin insecticide
  3. mice collect the treated cotton and use it to line nest
  4. ticks on mice die

Public Health (25 decks)

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