Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio > Lecture 22 > Flashcards

Lecture 22 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the two major control centres of human body

A

Nervous and endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the nervous system do

A

Receives and interprets stimuli and transmits impulses to organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Brain contains many of the

A

Homeostatic control centres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 basic functions of nervous system

A
  1. Sensing
  2. Integrating
  3. Controlling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sensing function

A

Receptors of body detect stimuli and send information to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Integrating function

A

Sensory info received and processed, complex integration involves connecting sensory info with memories and emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Controlling function

A

Motor neurons send info to diff effectors (muscle or glands) to produce response likely conductive to survival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Neurons are

A

Very large cells capable of receiving/sending electrical signals bet two locations within body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Neuroglial cells

A

Smaller than neurons, remove waste, assist neurons in receiving/sending electrical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

Consists of all nerves, ganglia (grp of nerves) and sensory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Central nervous system (CNS)

A

Consists of spinal cord and brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CNS is in charge of

A
  1. Receiving, integrating, processing info of sensory division
  2. Sending command signals to effectors through motor division (somatic/autonomic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Homeostatic control centers of body in CNS receives info and evaluates to

A

Determine whether a response should be sent to a specific effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A homeostatic control center within CNS is

A

Grp of neurons that receive/process sensory info detected from specific receptors in body sent via PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When info received by homeostatic cc is out of range,

A

Control center send out signal to effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Forebrain components

A
  1. Cerebrum
  2. Thalamus
  3. Hypothalamus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hindbrain components (brain stem)

A
  1. Pons
  2. Medulla
  3. Cerebellum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Forebrain contains the control centers for

A
  1. Thermoregulation
  2. Emotions
  3. Conscious perception
  4. Voluntary motor control
  5. Language
  6. Highest-level processing (ethics, abstract)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hypothalamus regulates

A
  1. Bp
  2. HR
  3. RR
  4. Digestion
  5. Body temp
20
Q

Hypothalamus coordinates nervous and endocrine through

A

Its connection with pituitary gland

21
Q

Midbrain

A

Only structure in midbrain
Superior to pons, inferior to thalamus
Plays crucial role in processing visual and auditory signals

22
Q

Medulla and pons contain control center for

A

Basic homeostatic mechanisms (ex heart rate and breathing rate)

23
Q

Cerebellum crucial for

A
  1. Execution of fine mvmts
  2. Maintaining balance and posture
  3. General coordination of mvmts
24
Q

Why is spinal cord in CNS

A

Bc also in charge of processing and integrating some info (ex reflexes)

25
Q

Nerves consist of

A

Bundles of neurons cells packaged in connective tissue

26
Q

Each neuron can send info from

A
  1. Sensory receptor to CNS
  2. From CNS to effector
27
Q

PNS does not process info or “make decisions”, so it is like

A

Network of electrical highways that lead to and from organs of CNS

28
Q

In what direction do neurons send electrical signals

A

One direction (always the same)

29
Q

Types of neurons

A
  1. From receptor to CNS: sensory neuron
  2. From CNS to effector: motor neuron
30
Q

Nerve structure

A

Bundle of bundles of neuron fibers (neuron’s axon which is longest extension of neuron cell)

31
Q

Nerves important for respiratory system

A

Phrenic and thoracic nerves

32
Q

Motor neurons divisions

A
  1. Somatic nervous syst (to skeletal muscles)
  2. Autonomic nervous syst (to smooth. Cardiac muscles, glands and adipose)
33
Q

Two subsystems of autonomic nervous system

A
  1. Sympathetic
  2. Parasympathetic
34
Q

The effectors that parasympathetic/sympathetic systems control are

A

All the same (with few exceptions)
Ex: cardiac muscle slows or increase depending in which system)

35
Q

Sympathetic NS =

A

Fight or flight (stressful situations)

36
Q

Effectors receiving sympathetic stimulation include

A

All involuntary effectors
Ex smooth/cardiac muscles, various glands
Theses responses get body on alert

37
Q

Sympathetic NS called fight or flight bc

A

In past, threats were primarily physical rather than psychological

38
Q

Sympathetic response: inhibition of digestive system

A

Smooth muscles signaled to relax

39
Q

Sympathetic response: cardiac output

A

Cardiac muscle signaled to contract at higher frequency
Smooth muscle in bv cause vasoconstriction

40
Q

Sympathetic response: bronchodilation

A

Smooth muscle in bronchiolar walls relax to decrease airway resistance

41
Q

Sympathetic response: inhibition of urination

A

Smooth muscle in bladder relaxed

42
Q

Sympathetic response: hormonal stress response

A

Stimulates secretion of adrenaline (epinephrine) into blood

43
Q

Specific sympathetic responses

A
  1. Inhibition of digestive system
  2. Increased cardiac output
  3. Bronchodilator
  4. Inhibition of urination
  5. Trigger of hormonal stress response
44
Q

Parasympathetic specific responses

A
  1. Increase in digestive activity (more peristalsis)
  2. Decrease in cardiac output (decreased HR and vasodilation)
  3. Bronchoconstriction
  4. Promotion of urination (if bladder partially full)
45
Q

Parasympathetic system =

A

Rest and digest/relaxation

46
Q

Sensory (afferent) division consists of neurons that

A

Conduct electrical impulses from receptors to organs of CNS

Bio (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions